通勤學英語 15Mins Today

歡迎來到費雪阿姨說故事，這裡的故事不只是好聽，更幫助孩子學習如何調節情緒、認識情緒，透過提問引發孩子的思考！書蟲媽咪費雪精心設計故事腳本，透過正向心理學傳遞愛與溫暖，陪伴孩子心靈成長，快來聽故事吧！https://fstry.pse.is/7bqgzs—— 以上為 Firstory Podcast 廣告 ——-----------------------------------🎧 通勤學英語 VIP 專區 & 🚀 線上課程-----------------------------------💡 想要更自然的提升英語力？加入VIP會員，獲得專屬內容與優惠！- 立即加入VIP方案 →https://open.firstory.me/join/15minstoday- VIP訂閱常見問題 →https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/5cjptb🔥 社會人核心英語有聲書課程→https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/554esm-------------------------------🌎 15Mins.Today 相關連結-------------------------------💬 你的想法很重要！留言分享 → 留言連結Web：www.15mins.todayYouTube：https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/3rhuuy商業合作/贊助來信：15minstoday@gmail.com意見回覆 : ask15mins@gmail.com--------------------------------------------📜 單集逐字稿 & 內容摘要（播放器字數有限，完整逐字稿請到官網查看）--------------------------------------------Topic: Covid ’vaccination persuasion’ teams reap rewards in TurkeyA coronavirus "vaccination persuasion" initiative is gearing up to be rolled out across Turkey after proving a resounding success in a district in the country’s south-east.一項新冠病毒「接種疫苗勸說」倡議在土耳其東南部一個地區證明成效卓著後，正加緊在全國各地推出。Since February, doctors and healthcare workers in the mainly Kurdish city of Adıyaman have been calling people in age groups already eligible for the vaccine to ask why they have not come to clinics for appointments.醫師和醫護人員2月起在以庫德族為主的阿德亞曼市，打電話給符合接種年齡資格的族群，詢問他們為什麼沒有到診所預約接種。Then, equipped with cooler boxes full of vaccine vials, they fan out across the rural area to visit patients who are still reluctant.然後，他們帶著裝滿疫苗針劑的保冷箱，在這個鄉村地區四處拜訪仍不願去接種疫苗的患者。It is working, boosting the vaccine take-up rate among the 250,000 strong population scattered across the province’s central district by nearly 30%.此舉確實發揮作用，將散佈該省中心地區約25萬人口的疫苗接種率，提高了將近30%。Source article: https://features.ltn.com.tw/english/article/paper/1452359;Next ArticleTopic: Prehistoric settlement in Turkey bears telltale signs of modern woesOvercrowding. Violence. Infectious diseases. Environmental degradation. It may sound like the worst of modern mega-cities.過度擁擠、暴力、傳染性疾病、環境惡化，這聽起來就像是最惡劣的現代巨型都市。But people encountered these very same problems when the first large settlements were being established millennia ago as humans began to swap a nomadic hunter-gatherer existence for a lifestyle centered on farming, scientists said on June 17, based on findings from a prehistoric site in south-central Turkey.不過，科學家在六月十七日指出，根據土耳其中南部一處史前遺址發現的證據顯示，人們早在幾千年前建立最初的大型聚落時，就遭遇過這些類似的問題，人類當時正開始從遊牧式狩獵採集的生活型態轉換成農牧為主的生活方式。The researchers examined 742 human skeletons unearthed at the prehistoric ruins of Catalhoyuk, inhabited from 9,100 to 7,950 years ago during a pivotal time in human evolution, for clues about what life was like at one of the earliest sizable settlements in the archeological record. At its peak, 3,500 to 8,000 people lived there, with the researchers calling it a “proto-city.”研究人員檢驗「加泰土丘」史前遺跡出土的七百四十二具人類骨骸，希望能找到線索，拼湊出人類當初在這處大型聚落中生活的樣貌。加泰土丘是考古紀錄中年代最早的一處大型聚落遺址，人類在九千一百年前到七千九百五十年前居住於此，當時正好是人類演化的關鍵時刻。在巔峰時期，當地約有三千五百到八千位居民，研究人員遂稱此地為一個「原始城市」。The residents experienced a high rate of infections, as seen in their teeth and bones, probably caused by diseases spreading in crowded conditions amid challenges to proper hygiene, the researchers said. Overcrowding may have contributed to interpersonal violence. Many skulls bore evidence of healed fractures to the top or back of the cranium, some with multiple injuries.研究人員表示，居民的牙齒跟骸骨顯示他們遭到感染的比例相當高，可能是因為擁擠的生活條件，難以維持良好衛生，使得疾病於其中散播。過度擁擠也可能導致人與人之間發生暴力行為。證據在於，許多頭骨在頭蓋骨上方或後腦處可見癒合後的骨裂痕跡，有些頭骨還有多處損傷。The shape of these injuries indicates they may have been caused by hard clay balls found at Catalhoyuk that researchers suspect were used as projectiles from a sling weapon. “A key message that people will take from these findings is that our current behaviors have deep roots in the history of humankind,” said Ohio State University biological anthropologist Clark Spencer Larsen, who led the study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.從形狀研判，這些損傷可能是遭到堅硬的黏土球體撞擊而導致。研究人員懷疑，在加泰土丘發現的黏土球當時可能被用來當作投石器或彈弓的子彈。「人們從這些發現中獲得的關鍵訊息就是，我們目前的行為模式在人類歷史中有著很深的根源，」俄亥俄州立大學的生物人類學家克拉克‧史賓瑟‧拉爾森這麼說，他是這篇發表於《美國國家科學院院刊》研究的主持人。“The people living in this community faced challenges of life in settlements addressing fundamental issues: what to eat, who produces the food, how is the food distributed, what are the social norms for division of labor, the challenges of infection and infectious disease in settings where there is limited sanitation, the strategy of interpersonal relationships involving animosity in some instances,” Larsen added.拉爾森補充指出：「住在這個社群中的人們，當時在聚落生活中面臨解決基礎問題的挑戰：要吃什麼、誰負責做東西吃、食物如何分配、分工的社會規範是什麼、感染和傳染性疾病在環境衛生受限的情況下帶來的挑戰，以及在某些場合中當人際關係牽涉到敵意時該採取的策略。」As the world emerged from the last Ice Age, with warmer conditions conducive to crop domestication, there was a shift from foraging to farming beginning 10,000 to 12,000 years ago among people in numerous places. The people grew crops including wheat, barley and rye and raised sheep, goats and eventually cattle. Some homes boasted wall murals, and other art included stone figurines of animals and corpulent women.在一萬到一萬兩千年前，隨著世界從上一次冰河時期中浮現，加上較溫暖的氣候條件有助於人工培植農作物，世界各地的人們開始從搜尋食物轉為從事農業。加泰土丘當地人類種植的作物包括小麥、大麥、裸麥，也會飼養綿羊、山羊，最後甚至還有牛。有些家屋裡繪有壁畫，其他藝術品則包含主題為動物或是豐滿女性的石雕像。Catalhoyuk’s residents lived in clay brick structures akin to apartments, entering and exiting through ladders that connected the living areas of houses to the roofs. After death, residents were buried in pits dug into the floors of the homes.加泰土丘的居民住在由黏土磚砌成的建築結構，類似公寓的模樣，只不過進出是靠連接屋內起居空間和屋頂的階梯。居民過世後，其他人會在家屋的地板底下挖洞，將他們埋葬於其中。Catalhoyuk, measuring about 13 hectares, was continuously occupied for 1,150 years and appears to have been a largely egalitarian community. It was eventually abandoned, perhaps because of environmental degradation caused by the human population and a drying climate that made farming there harder, the researchers said.加泰土丘面積約十三公頃，持續有人居住長達一千一百五十年之久，看起來像是一個大致上平等的社群。研究人員表示，當地最後被放棄的原因可能是因為人口數量導致環境惡化，而逐漸乾燥的氣候也讓農業變得較難進行。Source article: http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/lang/archives/2019/07/07/2003718231/2Next ArticleTopic: Spurning Erdogan’s Vision, Turks Leave in Droves, Draining Money and Talent17年來，土耳其總統厄多安靠著給選民一個願景而連連勝選，那就是恢復土耳其鄂圖曼帝國時期的光榮。他藉由加強貿易和軍事部署擴大土耳其的影響力，並用多年不間斷的經濟成長提高生活水準。For 17 years, President Recep Tayyip Erdogan won elections by offering voters a vision of restoring the glories of Turkey’s Ottoman past. He extended his country’s influence with increased trade and military deployments, and he raised living standards with years of unbroken economic growth.但在2016年發生一場未遂政變後，厄多安展開了全面鎮壓。去年土耳其經濟情勢不穩，而且在厄多安贏得連任並獲取更大權力後不久後，土耳其里拉就驟貶。隨著土耳其政府任人唯親和威權的情況更加嚴重，土耳其人開始用不同的方式投票——這次是用腳。But after a failed 2016 coup, Erdogan embarked on a sweeping crackdown. Last year, the economy wobbled and the lira plunged soon after he won re-election with even greater powers. As cronyism and authoritarianism seep deeper into his administration, Turks are voting differently — this time with their feet.根據土耳其官方的統計和分析家的說法，他們成群離開土耳其，而且把才能和資金一併帶走，他們離開的方式意味人們對厄多安的願景失去信心，失去信心的現象不但普遍，而且令人擔憂。They are leaving the country in droves and taking talent and capital with them in a way that indicates a broad and alarming loss of confidence in Erdogan’s vision, according to government statistics and analysts.過去這兩三年，從土耳其出走的不只是學生和學者，還有企業家、商人和數以千計的有錢人，他們把值錢的東西變賣一空，並把家人和資產送到國外。In the past two to three years, not only have students and academics fled the country, but also entrepreneurs, businesspeople, and thousands of wealthy individuals who are selling everything and moving their families and money abroad.土耳其統計局的資料顯示，2017年移民到國外的土耳其人超過25萬人，比2016年的將近17萬8000人成長了42%。More than a quarter of a million Turks emigrated in 2017, according to the Turkish Institute of Statistics, an increase of 42 percent over 2016, when nearly 178,000 citizens left the country.倫敦攝政大學跨國研究中心主任史克西等分析家指出，土耳其發生過幾波師生外移潮，不過這波出走潮看來像是更具永久性的社會重新排序，恐怕會使土耳其倒退數十年。Turkey has seen waves of students and teachers leave before, but this exodus looks like a more permanent reordering of the society and threatens to set Turkey back decades, said Ibrahim Sirkeci, director of transnational studies at Regent’s University in London, and other analysts.史克西說：「人才外流是千真萬確的。」“The brain drain is real,” Sirkeci said.推動人群、才能和資金外逃的是一組強而有力的因素，這些因素決定了厄多安統治下的生活，而且反對厄多安的人對消弭這些因素日益絕望。The flight of people, talent and capital is being driven by a powerful combination of factors that have come to define life under Erdogan and that his opponents increasingly despair is here to stay.這些因素包括：對政治迫害的恐懼、恐怖活動、對司法體系和法治的任意性日漸加深的不信任，以及逐漸惡化的經商環境，人們擔憂厄多安破壞性地操縱經濟，好讓他自己和核心圈子得利，這樣的憂慮讓經商環境加速轉壞。They include fear of political persecution, terrorism, a deepening distrust of the judiciary and the arbitrariness of the rule of law, and a deteriorating business climate, accelerated by worries that Erdogan is unsoundly manipulating the economy to benefit himself and his inner circle.結果就是，自從土耳其共和國近100年前成立以來，存在已久的富裕階層（特別是主宰土耳其文化與商業生活數十年的世俗菁英）之中，頭一次有許多人遷離土耳其，而由與厄多安及其執政黨親近的新富階層取而代之。The result is that, for the first time since the republic was founded nearly a century ago, many from the old moneyed class, in particular the secular elite who have dominated Turkey’s cultural and business life for decades, are moving away and the new rich close to Erdogan and his governing party are taking their place.Source article: https://paper.udn.com/udnpaper/POH0067/336081/web/#top

桃園市府於兒童節連假期間邀請親子家庭出門走走，開箱七座全新「P@RK園宇宙」特色公園、14家觀光工廠、5家食品品牌4月到觀光工廠參加限定活動，帶「桃園好『ㄅㄠ∨』包」回家(桃園購物商業消費系列活動)。https://fstry.pse.is/7cpqxf—— 以上為 Firstory Podcast 廣告 ——-----------------------------------🎧 通勤學英語 VIP 專區 & 🚀 線上課程-----------------------------------💡 想要更自然的提升英語力？加入VIP會員，獲得專屬內容與優惠！- 立即加入VIP方案 →https://open.firstory.me/join/15minstoday- VIP訂閱常見問題 →https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/5cjptb🔥 社會人核心英語有聲書課程→https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/554esm-------------------------------🌎 15Mins.Today 相關連結-------------------------------💬 你的想法很重要！留言分享 → 留言連結Web：www.15mins.todayYouTube：https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/3rhuuy商業合作/贊助來信：15minstoday@gmail.com意見回覆 : ask15mins@gmail.com--------------------------------------------📜 單集逐字稿 & 內容摘要（播放器字數有限，完整逐字稿請到官網查看）--------------------------------------------Live Podcast 文字內容在：http://www.15mins.today/blog/15mins-live-podcast-other-ways-to-wish-people-good

歡迎來到費雪阿姨說故事，這裡的故事不只是好聽，更幫助孩子學習如何調節情緒、認識情緒，透過提問引發孩子的思考！書蟲媽咪費雪精心設計故事腳本，透過正向心理學傳遞愛與溫暖，陪伴孩子心靈成長，快來聽故事吧！https://fstry.pse.is/7bqgzs—— 以上為 Firstory Podcast 廣告 ——-----------------------------------🎧 通勤學英語 VIP 專區 & 🚀 線上課程-----------------------------------💡 想要更自然的提升英語力？加入VIP會員，獲得專屬內容與優惠！- 立即加入VIP方案 →https://open.firstory.me/join/15minstoday- VIP訂閱常見問題 →https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/5cjptb🔥 社會人核心英語有聲書課程→https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/554esm-------------------------------🌎 15Mins.Today 相關連結-------------------------------💬 你的想法很重要！留言分享 → 留言連結Web：www.15mins.todayYouTube：https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/3rhuuy商業合作/贊助來信：15minstoday@gmail.com意見回覆 : ask15mins@gmail.com--------------------------------------------📜 單集逐字稿 & 內容摘要（播放器字數有限，完整逐字稿請到官網查看）--------------------------------------------Summary:Thailand celebrates their traditional New Year’s Festival with a water splashing frenzy, so if you attend, leave your phone at home, unless it is waterproof! Nobody is spared as it is considered a blessing to be sprayed.Full article: https://www.15mins.today/blog/589-spray-and-pray-thais-celebrate-songkranSymbolize: to be a symbol of something- Does the color red symbolize good luck in Chinese culture?- Do pigs symbolize filth and greed in Western culture?Conjure: clever tricks as in magic tricks / to make something appear as a picture in your mind- Does the name Warren Buffet conjure the idea of wealth to you?- Do people conjure an idea of paradise when they think of Mauritius?Ritual: series of actions that are performed in the same way, especially religious ones- Is the Japanese tea ritual very old?- Did the monk bless you by cleansing you with the water ritual?

-----------------------------------🎧 通勤學英語 VIP 專區 & 🚀 線上課程-----------------------------------💡 想要更自然的提升英語力？加入VIP會員，獲得專屬內容與優惠！- 立即加入VIP方案 →https://open.firstory.me/join/15minstoday- VIP訂閱常見問題 →https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/5cjptb🔥 社會人核心英語有聲書課程→https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/554esm-------------------------------🌎 15Mins.Today 相關連結-------------------------------💬 你的想法很重要！留言分享 → 留言連結Web：www.15mins.todayYouTube：https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/3rhuuy商業合作/贊助來信：15minstoday@gmail.com意見回覆 : ask15mins@gmail.com--------------------------------------------📜 單集逐字稿 & 內容摘要（播放器字數有限，完整逐字稿請到官網查看）--------------------------------------------美國政府今年一月實施的TikTok禁令讓眾多內容創作者流離失所，而RedNote(小紅書)這個中國平台卻因此迎來了意外的國際浪潮。為什麼創作者們選擇小紅書而非Instagram或Facebook？當美國用戶與中國用戶在同一平台相遇，會碰撞出什麼有趣的文化交流？貓咪照和"間諜"的梗又是怎麼回事？這集節目不僅帶你了解當前的社交媒體變革，還顯示了不同文化如何在數位世界中相遇、碰撞並互相學習。想知道小紅書能否持續吸引這波"TikTok Refugees"並成為真正的國際平台嗎？快來收聽這集精彩內容吧！The TikTok ban implemented by the US government in January has left many content creators displaced, while the Chinese platform RedNote (Xiaohongshu or "Little Red Book") has unexpectedly welcomed an international wave of users. Why are creators choosing RedNote over Instagram or Facebook? What interesting cultural exchanges emerge when American users meet Chinese users on the same platform? And what's the story behind cat photos and "spy" memes?This episode not only explores the current social media transformation but also illustrates how different cultures meet, interact, and learn from each other in the digital world. Curious whether RedNote can continue to attract these "TikTok Refugees" and become a truly international platform? Tune in to this episode!

本集節目由【Roichen優雅椅&正脊坐墊】贊助播出#Roichen優雅椅坐墊+工作椅的形式呈現，獨家6度傾斜底座+升降設計+靜音輪。#市售唯一依男女體型設計的正脊坐墊它牌只有分大人和小孩的尺寸，但其實男女體型骨盆角度不同，需要專屬尺寸設計，市售唯一有男、女和兒童3種專屬尺寸可選購。#獨家支撐設計坐墊不易滑動，即使不搭配椅子，直接在地面或者平面使用，當作和室椅都可以。#韓國第一入口網站NAVER家飾配件使用滿意高度認證榮獲200多項專利、認證、設計以及系統認證的殊榮，其中包括紅點設計大獎、Good Design、PIN UP等獎項。#通過SGS檢測不含有毒物質與安全性測試最大可承受220~350公斤都可維持平穩正確的坐姿，不會形成椅墊扭曲或晃動。重點整理：．Roichen優雅椅67折優惠．Roichen正脊坐墊52折優惠通勤家族專屬優惠 https://s.add.one/78d2fg（品牌限定優惠，請使用 Fb、Line、手機號碼 登入，即可看到專屬優惠價）-----------------------------------🎧 通勤學英語 VIP 專區 & 🚀 線上課程-----------------------------------💡 想要更自然的提升英語力？加入VIP會員，獲得專屬內容與優惠！- 立即加入VIP方案 →https://open.firstory.me/join/15minstoday- VIP訂閱常見問題 →https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/5cjptb🔥 社會人核心英語有聲書課程→https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/554esm-------------------------------🌎 15Mins.Today 相關連結-------------------------------💬 你的想法很重要！留言分享 → 留言連結Web：www.15mins.todayYouTube：https://15minsengcafe.pse.is/3rhuuy商業合作/贊助來信：15minstoday@gmail.com意見回覆 : ask15mins@gmail.com--------------------------------------------📜 單集逐字稿 & 內容摘要（播放器字數有限，完整逐字稿請到官網查看）--------------------------------------------國際時事跟讀 Ep.K959: Ramadan: Faith Through FastingHighlights 主題摘要：- Ramadan is a holy month where Muslims fast from sunrise to sunset, focusing on prayer, charity, and self-control while avoiding negative behaviors.- Healthy fasting involves two important meals: suhoor before dawn for energy and iftar at sunset, with experts recommending balanced nutrition.- Ramadan combines religious practice with cultural celebrations that bring communities together, creating bonds between families and neighbors.Ramadan, the ninth month of the Islamic lunar calendar, is a sacred period when Muslims worldwide engage in daily fasting from dawn until sunset. This religious practice represents one of the Five Pillars of Islam and serves multiple purposes: it's an act of worship, a demonstration of submission to God, and a way to cultivate gratitude and self-restraint. During this month, Muslims not only abstain from food and drink but also increase their prayers, charitable activities, and Quran readings while striving to avoid negative behaviors. The spiritual essence of Ramadan focuses on purification of the soul and strengthening one's relationship with God through sacrifice and discipline.齋戒月（Ramadan）是伊斯蘭曆法中的第九個月，是全球穆斯林從黎明到日落每日禁食的神聖時期。這種宗教習俗代表伊斯蘭教五大支柱（五功）之一，並具有多重目的：這是一種崇拜行為，表達對真主的臣服，也是培養感恩之心與自我節制的方式。在這個月中，穆斯林不僅禁絕食物和飲料，還增加祈禱、慈善活動和《古蘭經》（Quran）的誦讀，同時努力避免負面行為。齋戒月的精神實質在於透過犧牲和自律來淨化靈魂並強化與真主的關係。The fasting routine involves two main meals: "suhoor," the pre-dawn meal that provides sustained energy throughout the day, and "iftar," which breaks the fast at sunset. Nutrition experts recommend consuming a variety of food groups during suhoor, particularly those containing fiber, protein, and healthy fats such as avocados, nuts, and hydrating fruits. For iftar, moderation is key – many begin with dates and water before enjoying a light meal, being careful not to overindulge. Those who exercise regularly might schedule their workouts just before breaking the fast or later in the evening to prevent dehydration. Experts advise listening to one's body during the fasting period and adjusting daily activities accordingly to maintain physical wellbeing alongside spiritual growth.齋戒的日常包含兩個主要餐點：「封齋飯」（suhoor）是黎明前的餐食，提供全天持續的能量；以及「開齋飯」（iftar），即日落時結束禁食的餐點。營養專家建議在封齋飯時攝取多樣化的食物，特別是含有纖維、蛋白質和健康脂肪的食物，如酪梨、堅果和水分充足的水果。至於開齋飯，適度是關鍵——許多人首先以椰棗和水來打破禁食，然後享用清淡的餐點，小心不要過量。定期運動的人可能會安排在打破禁食前或晚間進行鍛煉，以防止脫水。專家建議在齋戒期間傾聽自己的身體反應，並相應調整日常活動，在保持身體健康的同時促進靈性成長。Beyond its religious significance, Ramadan is characterized by rich cultural and social traditions that vary across different regions. In many countries, the month brings communities together through festive gatherings and shared meals. Egypt celebrates with colorful lanterns, special songs, and communal tents offering food and entertainment. In Indonesia, rituals differ by region, with some communities practicing symbolic cleansing or sharing meat with the less fortunate. Many Muslims in the United States gather at mosques or Islamic centers for iftar meals and prayers, creating a sense of community. These social aspects of Ramadan strengthen bonds between families, friends, and neighbors, fostering a spirit of unity and generosity.除了宗教意義外，齋戒月還以豐富的文化和社交傳統為特色，這些傳統在不同地區各有差異。在許多國家，這個月透過節慶聚會和共享餐點將社區聚集在一起。埃及以色彩繽紛的燈籠、特別的歌曲，以及提供食物和娛樂的社區帳篷來慶祝。在印尼，儀式因地區而異，某些社區進行象徵性的淨化或與貧困者分享肉食。在美國，許多穆斯林聚集在清真寺或伊斯蘭中心進行開齋飯和祈禱，營造社區感。齋戒月的這些社交方面加強了家庭、朋友和鄰居之間的連結，培養團結和慷慨的精神。While fasting is obligatory for adult Muslims, certain groups are exempt, including children, the elderly, pregnant or breastfeeding women, menstruating women, travelers, and those with specific medical conditions. People with chronic illnesses such as diabetes or heart disease should consult healthcare providers before fasting, especially if they take regular medication. The month concludes with Eid al-Fitr, a joyous celebration marking the end of Ramadan and providing an opportunity for Muslims to reflect on their spiritual journey. Through the challenges of hunger and thirst, Muslims develop greater empathy for those less fortunate and a deeper appreciation for life's blessings, emerging from the month spiritually renewed and morally strengthened.雖然齋戒對成年穆斯林是必須的，但某些群體可得到豁免，包括兒童、老年人、懷孕或哺乳期婦女、經期婦女、旅行者以及有特定健康狀況的人。患有糖尿病或心臟病等慢性疾病的人在齋戒前應諮詢醫療專業人員，尤其是定期服藥者。這個月以開齋節（Eid al-Fitr）結束，這是一個歡樂的慶祝活動，標誌著齋戒月的結束，並為穆斯林提供反思其靈性旅程的機會。透過飢餓和口渴的挑戰，穆斯林對不幸者產生更大的同理心，並對生命的祝福有更深的感恩，從這個月中獲得靈性更新和道德力量的提升。Keyword Drills 關鍵字：- Gratitude (Grat-i-tude) [noun. feeling thankful for something good that happens]: During this month, Muslims not only abstain from food and drink but also increase their prayers, charitable activities, and Quran readings while striving to cultivate gratitude and self-restraint.- Hydrating (Hy-drat-ing) [adjective. giving water to something to make it less dry]: Nutrition experts recommend consuming a variety of food groups during suhoor, particularly those containing fiber, protein, and healthy fats such as avocados, nuts, and hydrating fruits.- Moderation (Mod-er-a-tion) [noun. not having or doing too much or too little of something]: For iftar, moderation is key – many begin with dates and water before enjoying a light meal, being careful not to overindulge.- Generosity (Gen-er-os-i-ty) [noun. the quality of being kind and giving things to others]: These social aspects of Ramadan strengthen bonds between families, friends, and neighbors, fostering a spirit of unity and generosity.- Menstruating (Men-stru-at-ing) [verb. having a monthly flow of blood from the body that women have]: While fasting is obligatory for adult Muslims, certain groups are exempt, including children, the elderly, pregnant or breastfeeding women, menstruating women, travelers, and those with specific medical conditions.Reference article:1. https://apnews.com/article/ramadan-islam-fasting-islamic-holy-month-d8c9e002e4904c5d8e0ccee2b77f9ad42. https://apnews.com/article/ramadan-healthy-fasting-9e38d48bf8818591c1549805899f031a