概要

Taiwan’s carbon fee system is designed to reduce emissions rather than as a fiscal tool. If all carbon fee levy targets can propose voluntary reduction plans, it is expected to reduce emissions by approximately 37 million metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent by 2030, which will help Taiwan achieve its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) target.
At present, the effectiveness of the carbon fee system remains to be seen. The first phase of carbon fee collection targets about 281 companies, covering companies in the electricity, gas supply and manufacturing industries with annual emissions of more than 25,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. The Ministry of Environment has held a number of briefing sessions on the Carbon Fee Act and voluntary reduction guidance sessions, and held carbon pricing system symposiums in various counties and cities to encourage all walks of life to participate in voluntary reductions.
However, the implementation of the carbon fee system also faces some challenges:
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Enterprises need to fully achieve their commitment to independent reduction plans in order to enjoy preferential rates. If the target is not reached, the normal rate calculation will return.
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Businesses need to align their carbon reduction targets with the latest SBTi standards. Many businesses may have set goals based on older, looser standards that need to be reassessed and adjusted.
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Some small and medium-sized enterprises may have misunderstandings about the carbon fee policy. The current policy only targets large manufacturing companies, and small and medium-sized enterprises are not included in the tax collection scope.
Overall, the design goals of Taiwan’s carbon fee system are clear, but the actual implementation results still need to be continuously observed and evaluated. The government needs to strengthen policy promotion and corporate guidance to help companies overcome carbon reduction challenges and ensure the effective implementation of the carbon fee system.

台灣碳費制度的設計目標是以減量為目標，而非財政工具。
如果所有碳費徵收對象都能提出自主減量計畫，預計到 2030 年可以減少約 3,700 萬公噸二氧化碳當量的排放量，這將有助於台灣達成國家自定貢獻（NDC）目標。
目前，碳費制度的執行成效仍有待觀察。
第一階段碳費徵收對象約 281 家企業，涵蓋電力、燃氣供應業及製造業中，年排放量達 2.5 萬公噸二氧化碳當量以上的企業。
環境部已辦理多場碳費子法說明會和自主減量輔導說明會，並在各縣市舉辦碳定價制度座談會，鼓勵各界參與自願減量。
然而，碳費制度的執行也面臨一些挑戰：
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企業需要完全達成自主減量計畫的承諾，才能享受優惠費率。如果未達目標，將回歸一般費率計算。
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企業需要根據最新的 SBTi 標準調整減碳目標。許多企業可能根據較寬鬆的舊版標準設定目標，需要重新評估和調整。
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部分中小企業可能對碳費政策存在誤解。現階段政策僅針對大型製造業企業，中小企業並不在徵收範圍內。
總體而言，台灣碳費制度的設計目標明確，但實際執行成效仍需持續觀察和評估。
政府需要加強政策宣導和企業輔導，協助企業克服減碳挑戰，並確保碳費制度的有效實施。

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