本集介紹

2021.04.18 國際新聞導讀-美伊核武談判繼續僵局、真主黨開超市供應支持者家戶需求、以色列組閣不順

談判挽救伊朗交易提前，國際原子能機構確認鈾濃縮率達到60％
內塔尼亞胡定於兩個月內首次在周日召集外交安全內閣。
通過TOVAH LAZAROFF，路透
2021年4月17日23:36

伊朗總統哈桑·魯哈尼（Hassan Rouhani）在2021年4月10日於伊朗德黑蘭舉行的伊朗國家核能日期間回顧了伊朗的新核成就。
（照片來源：伊朗總統辦公室/ WANA（西亞新聞社）/通過路透社進行淘汰）
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德黑蘭週六報導說，為挽救伊朗核協議而進行的談判已經進行了。國際原子能機構證實，伊朗正在將鈾濃縮至可裂變純度為60％。
反對伊朗協議並誓言阻止德黑蘭生產核武器的總理內塔尼亞胡（Benjamin Netanyahu）定於兩個月內首次在周日召集外交安全內閣。
總檢察長阿維沙伊·曼德爾布里特（Avichai Mandelblit）同意舉行這樣的會議，儘管他上週裁定，外交安全內閣在任命新的司法部長之前無法開會。
國際原子能機構週六證實，伊朗已開始在其位於納坦茲的地面試驗性燃料濃縮廠中將鈾濃縮至可裂變純度為60％的過程。
“原子能機構今天核實，伊朗已開始通過同時向兩個級聯的IR-4離心機和IR-6離心機進料富含5％U-235的UF6，開始生產濃縮高達60％的U-235的UF6。納坦茲試驗性燃料濃縮廠”，國際原子能機構在一份聲明中說。UF6是六氟化鈾，是將鈾送入離心機進行濃縮的形式。這是從先前實現的20％朝著武器級鈾邁出的一大步。
美國總統拜登週五反對伊朗增加鈾濃縮的決定。
拜登說：“我們不支持，也不認為伊朗說它將致富至60％完全沒有幫助。”
當被問及伊朗的舉動是否表明德黑蘭不願意重返核協議時，拜登回答說：“討論正在進行中。我認為現在判斷結果會為時尚早。但我們仍在談論。”
德黑蘭的首席談判代表阿巴斯·阿基奇（Abbas Araqchi）週六仍積極發言，表示儘管仍存在嚴重分歧，但上週末在維也納舉行的旨在恢復《 2015年聯合全面行動計劃》（JCPOA）的會談中“正在出現新的理解”，被稱為伊朗協議。
阿拉奇解釋說，伊朗代表團已經提交了有關核問題和取消美國製裁的擬議案文，並且可以開始“至少在有共同看法的地區”就共同案文開展工作。
伊朗違反了該協議對其核活動的許多限制，以應對美國於2018年撤出並在唐納德·特朗普總統的領導下對德黑蘭實施制裁。伊朗特別堅決要求美國取消這些嚴重的製裁措施。
中國參加談判的特使早些時候說，所有參與者，包括中國，俄羅斯，法國，英國，德國和伊朗，都同意加快在包括美國將取消哪些制裁在內的問題上的工作。
王群對記者說：“所有各方都同意在接下來的日子里通過開展更廣泛，實質性的有關解除制裁以及其他相關問題的工作來進一步加快步伐。”
拜登在華盛頓說，在周五與日本首相須賀喜秀舉行的聯合新聞發布會上，會談正在進行。
“我們……感到高興的是，伊朗繼續同意與我們以及與我們的合作夥伴進行討論–間接討論，以探討我們如何前進以及需要什麼才能使我們重返[核協議] …而無需拜登說：“我們願意做出我們不願意做出的讓步。”
維也納談判由歐洲聯盟主持，不涉及伊朗和美國官員之間的直接談判。歐盟官員與駐馬路對面另一家旅館的美國代表團進行了航天飛機外交。
談判人員正在努力採取步驟，使雙方必須採取制裁和核活動，以恢復完全合規，但由於伊朗德黑蘭將主要鈾濃縮設施納坦茲發生爆炸，使談判變得更加複雜，德黑蘭將此歸咎於以色列。猶太國家尚未就爆炸事件發表正式評論。
N12週五晚間報導，拜登政府已要求以色列停止對伊朗發表評論。
根據該報告，布什政府對有關以色列與納坦茲爆炸案的聯繫感到“不安”，並指以色列最近對這次襲擊事件chat之以鼻，認為這是“危險的”和“令人尷尬的”。
伊朗表示，納坦茲爆炸並未阻止該廠生產鈾，並宣布將鈾濃縮至可裂變純度60％。
一位歐盟官員告訴記者：“我們有這個[伊朗]決定要進行60％的濃縮。顯然，這並沒有使談判變得容易。” 這位官員稱納坦茲發生的事情是“蓄意破壞”。
伊朗最近幾個月已經將濃縮度提高到20％。JCPOA遏制了伊朗的核野心，以換取取消制裁，但其純度水平已限制在3.67％。伊朗否認尋求核武器。
伊朗原子能組織負責人阿里·阿克巴爾·薩利（Ali Akbar Salehi）對國家電視台說：“我們每小時生產約9克的60％濃縮鈾。”
Talks to salvage Iran deal advance, IAEA confirms 60% uranium enrichment
Netanyahu is set to convene the diplomatic-security cabinet on Sunday for the first time in two months.
By TOVAH LAZAROFF, REUTERS
APRIL 17, 2021 23:36


Iranian President Hassan Rouhani reviews Iran's new nuclear achievements during Iran's National Nuclear Energy Day in Tehran, Iran April 10, 2021.
(photo credit: IRANIAN PRESIDENCY OFFICE/WANA (WEST ASIA NEWS AGENCY)/HANDOUT VIA REUTERS)
Talks to salvage the Iranian nuclear deal have advanced Tehran reported Saturday, as the International Atomic Energy Agency confirmed that Iran was enriching uranium to 60% fissile purity.
Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, who is opposed to the Iran deal and has vowed to prevent Tehran from producing nuclear weapons, is set to convene the diplomatic-security cabinet on Sunday for the first time in two months.
Attorney-General Avichai Mandelblit gave his approval for such a meeting, even though he had ruled last week that the diplomatic-security cabinet could not meet until a new justice minister was appointed.
The International Atomic Energy Agency confirmed Saturday that Iran has started the process of enriching uranium to 60% fissile purity at its above-ground Pilot Fuel Enrichment Plant at Natanz.
“The Agency today verified that Iran had begun the production of UF6, enriched up to 60% U-235, by feeding UF6 enriched up to 5% U-235 simultaneously into two cascades of IR-4 centrifuges and IR-6 centrifuges at the Natanz Pilot Fuel Enrichment Plant,” the IAEA said in a statement. UF6 is uranium hexafluoride, the form in which uranium is fed into centrifuges for enrichment. It's a big step towards weapons-grade uranium from the 20% it had previously achieved.
US President Biden on Friday spoke against Iran’s decision to increase uranium enrichment.
“We do not support and do not think it’s at all helpful that Iran is saying it’s going to move to enrich to 60%,” Biden said.
Asked if Iran’s move was a sign that Tehran is not serious about returning to the nuclear deal, Biden replied: “The discussions are underway. I think it’s premature to make a judgment as to what the outcome will be. But we are still talking.”
Still Tehran’s chief negotiator Abbas Araqchi spoke positively Saturday stating that while serious disagreements remained, “a new understanding appears to be emerging” in the talks held at the end of last week in Vienna to revive the 2015 Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA), known as the Iran deal.
Araqchi explained that the Iranian delegation had submitted proposed texts on nuclear issues and the lifting of US sanctions, and that work on a common text “at least in areas where there are common views” could begin.
Iran has breached many of the deal’s restrictions on its nuclear activities in response to America’s 2018 withdrawal and reimposition of sanctions against Tehran under President Donald Trump. Iran is particularly adamant that the US must lift these crippling sanctions.
China’s envoy to the talks earlier said that all participants – China, Russia, France, Britain, Germany and Iran – had agreed to accelerate work on issues including which sanctions the United States would lift.
“All parties have agreed to further pick up their pace in subsequent days by engaging [in] more extensive, substantive work on sanctions-lifting, as well as other relevant issues,” Wang Qun told reporters.
Biden in Washington said the talks were moving forward, during a joint news conference with Japanese Prime Minister Yoshihide Suga on Friday.
“We are… pleased that Iran has continued to agree to engage in discussions – indirect discussions – with us and with our partners on how we move forward and what is needed to allow us to move back into the [nuclear deal]… without us making concessions that we are just not willing to make,” Biden said.
The Vienna talks were chaired by the European Union and did not involve direct negotiations between Iranian and US officials. EU officials carried out shuttle diplomacy with a US delegation based at another hotel across the road.
Negotiators are working on steps that both sides must take on sanctions and nuclear activities, to return to full compliance, but the talks have been further complicated by an explosion at Iran’s main uranium-enrichment facility at Natanz, which Tehran has blamed on Israel. There has been no formal comment from the Jewish state on the explosion.
The Biden administration has asked Israel to stop commenting on Iran, N12 reported Friday evening.
According to the report, the administration feels “uneasy” regarding reports linking Israel to the Natanz explosion, referring to recent Israeli chatter regarding the attack as “dangerous” and “embarrassing.”
Iran said that the Natanz explosion did not prevent uranium production at the plant and announced that it would now enrich uranium to 60% fissile purity.
An EU official told reporters: “We have this [Iranian] decision to go for 60% enrichment. Obviously this is not making the negotiation easier.” The official called what happened at Natanz “deliberate sabotage.”
Iran had in recent months already raised enrichment to 20% purity. The JCPOA, which reined in Iran’s nuclear ambitions in return for the lifting of sanctions, had capped the level of purity at 3.67%. Iran denies seeking a nuclear weapon.
“We are producing about nine grams of 60%-enriched uranium an hour,” Ali Akbar Salehi, head of the Atomic Energy Organization of Iran, told state television.
伊朗為什麼在維也納發送混合消息？
伊朗的三管齊下的消息傳遞旨在混淆其對手並把失敗描繪成成功。
由SETH J.FRANTZMAN
2021年4月17日17:32

伊朗伊斯蘭共和國總統哈桑·魯哈尼（Hassan Rouhani）在第75屆年度聯合國大會期間發表講話，這次會議實際上幾乎是由於9月在美國紐約市曼哈頓區發生的冠狀病毒病（COVID-19）大流行2020年2月22日。
（照片來源：聯合國/退出路透社）
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對於與各國就《聯合全面行動計劃》或《伊朗協議》進行的討論， 伊朗的消息好壞參半。一方面，有人聲稱它已將濃縮度提高到60％。另一方面，似乎聲稱它與維也納國家在遵守該協定方面合作良好，這將迫使它減少濃縮。第三，伊朗似乎裝作對其納坦茲濃縮設施的襲擊以某種方式幫助其用更先進的離心機替換了受損的離心機以提高濃縮度。
伊朗的三管齊下的消息傳遞旨在混淆其對手並把失敗描繪成成功。伊朗新聞電視台援引其消息來源之一的話說：“伊朗不能將製裁劃分為撤除，不可撤回和可談判的製裁。” “在德黑蘭，除了在特朗普時代重新實行和重新貼上標籤的所有製裁措施，包括與JCPOA有關的製裁，都不會被接受。” 媒體電視台的報導說，伊朗對最近的歐洲制裁感到憤怒。伊朗傾向於將其核計劃與所有與西方有關的政策聯繫起來。因此，即使製裁壓制示威者而受到製裁，它也聲稱制裁必須停止，否則制裁將會更加豐富。富裕是伊朗政權與西方關係的根基。
然後在波斯語中的《塔斯尼姆新聞》上，引述了伊朗外交官阿巴斯·阿拉格奇的話，他目前是伊朗外交部副主席。該報告說：“我國外交部副部長兼談判委員會主席阿拉吉在星期六聯合維也納會議結束時宣布，談判各方正在尋求新的諒解以恢復《伊朗協議》。 ]。” 這意味著伊朗用英語說一件事，而波斯用另一話說。這意味著其本國人民迫切希望恢復交易。因此，伊朗有關濃縮的故事可能主要是煙霧和鏡子。
阿拉貢說：“今天，我們舉行了一次會議，以審查迄今為止在解除制裁領域和核領域中討論的進展情況。我們審查了工作組的報告……還有在聯合委員會會議上進行了很好的討論。似乎正在形成一種新的理解，並且每個人之間都有一個共同的目標。現在要走的路比以往任何時候都更廣為人知。” 這聽起來很積極。他說：“當然，這不是一條容易的道路。分歧似乎並沒有結束。” 阿拉奇說：“我們已經說過，我們對長期的談判完全不感興趣……。我們認為談判現在已經到了各方可以開始編寫聯合文本的階段。” 伊朗已經準備好其案文。”
這意味著伊朗已經存在重新達成協議的框架。但是合規性在哪裡？伊朗聲稱正在等待制裁的釋放。同時，伊朗一直吹噓自己的武裝部隊準備為承認武裝部隊的年度活動做好準備。目前尚不清楚他們準備做什麼，因為伊朗的軍隊很少在其外交政策中使用它，也沒有被廣泛視為主要力量。
伊朗的哪種敘述反映了真正的政權意圖還有待觀察。伊朗長期以來一直假裝自己在與西方打交道時具有“強硬派”和“溫和派”。在與俄羅斯或中國或其他國家打交道時，沒有提及這些派別。它只是用它們來使西方與“溫和派”對話。今天，伊朗用英語說“強硬”，而在國內又說“中度”。同時，它假裝對納坦茲的襲擊在很大程度上是平庸的。
Why is Iran sending mixed messages on Vienna?
Iran’s three-pronged messaging is designed to confuse its adversaries and paint its failures as a success.
By SETH J. FRANTZMAN
APRIL 17, 2021 17:32

President of Islamic Republic of Iran Hassan Rouhani speaks virtually during the 75th annual UN General Assembly, which is being held mostly virtually due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic in the Manhattan borough of New York City, New York, US, September 22, 2020.
(photo credit: UNITED NATIONS/HANDOUT VIA REUTERS)
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Iran has a mixed message regarding its discussions with countries about the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action or Iran Deal. On the one hand it is claims that it has increased enrichment to sixty percent. On the other hand it appears to claim it is working well with countries in Vienna toward adhering to the deal, which would force it to reduce the enrichment. Third, Iran appears to be pretending that an attack on its enrichment facility at Natanz has somehow helped it to replace damaged centrifuges with more advanced ones to improve enrichment.
Iran’s three-pronged messaging is designed to confuse its adversaries and paint its failures as a success. Iran’s Press TV quoted one of its sources as saying that “it is not acceptable to Iran to divide the sanctions into removal, non-removable and negotiable.” “In Tehran, nothing will be accepted but the removal of all sanctions, including those related to the JCPOA, reimposed and relabeled during the Trump era.” The Press TV account says that Iran is outraged by recent European sanctions. Iran tends to connect its nuclear program to every policy relating to the West. So even if it is sanctioned for suppressing protesters, it claims that the sanctions must stop or it will enrich more. Enrichment is the Iranian regime carrot and stick in relating to the West.
Then Tasnim News in Farsi there are quotes from Abbas Araghchi, the Iranian diplomat who is currently a deputy at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Iran. The report says that “Araghchi, Deputy Foreign Minister and Chairman of the Negotiating Committee of our country, announced at the end of the meeting of the Joint Commission in Vienna on Saturday that the negotiating parties were approaching a new understanding to revive the [Iran Deal].” This means in English Iran is saying one thing and in Farsi another. That means its own people are desperate for the deal to be revived. Iran’s story about enrichment may thus be mostly smoke and mirrors.
"Today we held a meeting to review the progress of the discussions that have taken place so far, both in the field of lifting sanctions and in the nuclear field,” said Araghchi. "We reviewed the report of the working groups…There were also good discussions at the Joint Commission meeting. It seems that a new understanding is being formed and there is a common goal among everyone. The path to be taken is now better known than ever.” This sounds very positive. "Of course, this will not be an easy path. It is not as if the differences are over," he said. "We have already said that we are not interested in long-term negotiations at all…. We think that the negotiations have now reached a stage where the parties can start writing a joint text," Araqhchi said. Iran already has its texts ready. "The Iranian delegation has prepared its texts both in the field of nuclear issues and in the field of lifting sanctions and presented them to other parties."
This means the framework already exists for Iran to return to the deal. But where is the compliance? Iran claims it is waiting for sanctions relief. At the same time Iran has been bragging about its armed forces being ready for an annual day recognizing the armed forces. It is not clear what they are ready for, since Iran’s army is rarely used in its foreign policy and is not widely regarded as a major force.
It remains to be seen which of Iran’s narratives reflects the true regime intention. Iran has long pretended that it has “hardliners” and “moderates” in dealing with the West. It does not mention these factions when dealing with Russia or China or other countries. It only uses them to get the West to talk to the “moderates.” Today Iran is saying on “hardline” thing in English and another more “moderate” position at home. Meanwhile it is pretending that an attack on Natanz was largely uneventful.
美國敦促以色列停止對伊朗發表評論-報告
根據該報告，拜登政府對以色列最近在納坦茲的行動感到“不安”。
通過耶路撒冷郵報STAFF
2021年4月17日12:13
在拜登政府已經轉向以色列多次在過去的幾天裡，要求其停止對伊朗的評論，N12報星期五晚上。
根據這份報告，拜登政府對以色列最近在納坦茲的行動感到“不安” ，指以色列最近對這次襲擊是“危險的”和“令人尷尬的”。
白宮多次重複了這一信息，聲稱以色列官員不斷報導伊朗，這阻礙了華盛頓與德黑蘭之間就一項可能的新核協議進行的談判。
據報導，以色列安全官員對這一反應感到困擾，他們意識到這種困境可能會給美國帶來壓力。
以色列安全內閣自2月以來一直未開會，預計將在周日開會，以討論該問題。
US pressuring Israel to stop commenting on Iran - report
According to the report, the Biden administration feels 'uneasy' regarding the recent Israeli operation in Natanz.
By JERUSALEM POST STAFF
APRIL 17, 2021 12:13

US President Joe Biden speaks as he announces executive actions on gun violence prevention in the Rose Garden at the White House in Washington, US, April 8, 2021
(photo credit: REUTERS/KEVIN LAMARQUE)
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The Biden administration has turned to Israel several times in the past few days, asking that it stops commenting on Iran, N12 reported Friday evening.
According to the report, the Biden administration feels "uneasy" regarding the recent Israeli operation in Natanz, referring to recent Israeli chatter regarding the attack as "dangerous" and "embarrassing."
The White House repeated the message several times, claiming that the constant reports from Israeli officials regarding Iran have hindered the negotiations taking place between the Washington and Tehran on a possible new nuclear agreement.
Israeli security officials have reportedly been troubled by the response, realizing that this dilemma could possibility put pressure on the United States.
Israel's Security Cabinet, which has not met since February, is expected to meet on Sunday in order to discuss the issue.
真主黨使用食物武器在黎巴嫩準備平行邦
這種情況在很大程度上是由國際社會造成的，它刻畫了黎巴嫩將擁有一個不同於世界上任何其他國家的平行武裝國家的想法。
由SETH J.FRANTZMAN
2021年4月17日18:45
一名真主黨官員說：“要在這些超市購物，您必須有真主黨發行的卡。”他在最近的France24關於黎巴嫩的一份報告中要求不透露姓名。幾名官員隨後澄清了他的觀點：“有需要的任何人都可以與我們一起購物，無論他們的宗教信仰如何，即使他們不是真主黨的支持者，”該官員告訴法國24。
真主黨是一個武裝恐怖組織，也有一個政治派別，並試圖控制黎巴嫩並將其用作該地區的行動基地，目前正在為其平行經濟創造新的事實。隨著黎巴嫩經濟的步履蹣跚，真主黨一直在努力發展壯大，扼殺黎巴嫩並日益消化該國。消化之後，出現了由準軍事集團控制的新的超級市場連鎖店。報告說：“敘利亞，伊拉克和伊朗產品的降價銷售可以通過政黨發行的卡來獲得。”
這意味著在真主黨市場購物的黎巴嫩人可以從其他伊朗佔領的國家購買。簡而言之，真主黨現在擁有一個名為黎巴嫩的國家，並且正在向其外包伊朗產品，以便真主黨和伊朗可以獲利。黎巴嫩越瓦解，真主黨就越強大。
這種情況在很大程度上是由國際社會造成的，或者至少是可以容忍的，這在國際社會上以橡皮圖章掩蓋了黎巴嫩將擁有一個與世界上任何其他國家都不一樣的平行武裝國家的想法。沒有其他國家擁有不對國家作出回應的非法武裝民兵的議會議員。只有接受美國援助和西方慷慨捐助的黎巴嫩才有這種情況。真主黨曾經是一個規模較小的宗派運動，後來聲稱自己在“抵抗”以色列而盛行。以色列離開該國時，佔領了黎巴嫩南部，並且沒有交出其武器，儘管1989年塔伊夫協定已將其他武裝民兵遣散。2006年，真主黨通過襲擊以色列將其帶入黎巴嫩，戰爭的重要性日益提高，擁有重建資金以建造公寓的權力。
真主黨創建了平行的建設和開發實體，例如聖戰組織Al-Binaa和Waad項目，其自己的通信網絡，電視台和無線電通信網絡。它已經接管了該國部分地區的醫療保健，教育，福利和金融。有關此問題的更多信息，可以在Casey Addis和Christopher Blanchard撰寫的關於真主黨背景的國會研究服務機構的2010年報告中找到。
真主黨甚至進行了諸如為黎巴嫩部分地區提供飲用水的項目，聲稱這是其對以色列“抵抗”的一部分。簡而言之，它讓政府將部分政府職責外包給了真主黨，然後牢牢控制了這個國家。它甚至使用自己的光纖通信網絡繞過政府。任何阻止收購的企圖都會遭到真主黨的暴力襲擊。真主黨於2008年襲擊了對抗者並佔領了該國的部分地區，當時政府的反對派試圖鎮壓該國的軍事通信網絡。真主黨利用該網絡協調了2005年黎巴嫩總理拉菲克·哈里裡（Rafic Hariri）的遇害案。
現在，真主黨也想要水果和蔬菜。France24表示，這是“在受到金融危機和糧食短缺困擾的國家中的一項歡迎舉措”。但是批評家們說，這是強大的什葉派運動通過在弱國提供服務並監督平行經濟來贏得忠誠度的又一個出價。”
真主黨通過開設新的超級市場來利用該國的經濟失敗和糧食短缺。France24說：“黎巴嫩的食物不僅價格過高，而且常常找不到。” 現在，Al-Sajjad超市提供便宜的商品，但是您需要一張特殊的卡，並且您必須證明自己沒有多少收入。真主黨官員告訴法國24：“有需要的人可以與我們一起購物，無論他們的宗教信仰如何，即使他們不是真主黨的支持者。”
該報告指出，真主黨被指控在邊境偷運貨物，通過掠奪敘利亞和伊拉克來儲備貨架。如果Costo由美國宗教武裝民兵和國會議員管理，那麼到目前為止，據稱只有8,000人加入了真主黨超市連鎖店，該連鎖店的行為就像Costco一樣。
如果您想在真主黨的市場購物，它將如何運作？根據該報告，您可以提出申請，但是真主黨成員會來給您發卡。人們顯然很害怕，他們要求France24更改文章的名稱。“這些商店看起來像大型倉庫，總是存貨充足。我能夠以優惠的價格購買牛奶，大米，糖和植物油。”一位人士告訴記者。
其他伊斯蘭團體則以食物為武器。親土耳其的團體將在敘利亞內戰期間在基利斯附近儲存倉庫，並將其運送給流離失所者。尚不清楚他們是否僅將其分發給其支持者。在1990年代和其他衝突中，糧食被用作索馬里的武器。
根據該報告，Al-Sajjad卡意味著一個人可以得到藤本植物，糖，食用油和其他一些基本產品。一位老師說：“來自他的村莊的真主黨成員曾與他接洽，他們願意給他一張Al-Sajjad卡。” 有了卡，他也可以得到醫療保健。批評者指出，這說明了黎巴嫩如何不再存在該國。
但是，真主黨現在只能維持其什葉派地區的穩定，還是以糧食為武器。一位人士告訴法國：“該黨將自己視為美國針對它策劃的陰謀的受害者。” “它的回應是，通過確保自己在伊朗，敘利亞或伊拉克的供應渠道，確保公眾不會挨餓。”
這似乎使伊朗受益，就像伊朗顛覆伊拉克的經濟，摧毀了伊拉克的一部分並通過武裝團體將其扣為人質一樣。伊朗對也門也做同樣的事情。它使國家氾濫成災，創建了一個平行的民兵國家，然後使每個人都要經過那個平行的國家來提供服務，從而侵蝕了真正的機構。西方政府傾向於通過辯稱這將平衡黎巴嫩的真主黨來支持國家機構，但這具有的作用是僅授權真主黨並使該國合法化，同時使弱勢的國家得以mp行，而真主黨則日益創建一個新的，在舊國家遺址上更強大的真主黨國。
Hezbollah prepares parallel state in Lebanon using food weapon
This situation was largely created by the international community that rubber-stamped the idea that Lebanon would have a parallel armed state unlike any other country in the world.
By SETH J. FRANTZMAN
APRIL 17, 2021 18:45

A car drives past a poster depicting Lebanon's Hezbollah leader Sayyed Hassan Nasrallah in Adaisseh village, near the Lebanese-Israeli border, Lebanon July 28, 2020.
(photo credit: AZIZ TAHER/REUTERS)
‘To be able to shop in these supermarkets, you have to have a card issued by Hezbollah,” said a Hezbollah official, who asked not to be named in a recent France24 report on Lebanon. A few paragraphs later the official clarified his point, “anyone in need can shop with us, regardless of their religious affiliation and even if they are not Hezbollah supporters,” an official told France 24.
Hezbollah, an armed terrorist group that also has a political wing and seeks to control Lebanon and use it as a base of operations in the region, is now creating new facts on the ground for its parallel economy. As Lebanon’s economy has faltered, Hezbollah has sought to thrive, strangling Lebanon and increasingly digesting the country. Out of that digestion comes a new chain of supermarkets controlled by the extra-paramilitary armed group. It sells “Syrian, Iraqi and Iranian products at reduced prices that are accessible with a party-issued card,” the report says.
What that means is that Lebanese who shop at Hezbollah’s markets can buy from other Iranian-occupied countries. In short, Hezbollah now owns a country called Lebanon and is outsourcing Iranian products to it so Hezbollah and Iran can profit. The more Lebanon falls apart, the greater Hezbollah becomes.
This situation was largely created, or at least tolerated, by the international community that rubber-stamped the idea that Lebanon would have a parallel armed state unlike any other country in the world. No other country has members of parliament from an illegal armed militia that does not answer to the state. Only Lebanon, recipient of US aid and western largesse, has such a situation. Hezbollah was once a smaller sectarian movement that thrived off claiming it was “resisting” Israel. When Israel left it occupied southern Lebanon and didn’t hand over its weapons, even though other armed militias had been demobilized by the Taif agreement in 1989. After the 2006 war that Hezbollah brought on Lebanon by attacking Israel it grew in importance, using its power over reconstruction funds to build up apartments.
Hezbollah has created parallel construction and development entities such Jihad Al-Binaa and the Waad project, its own communications network, TV stations and radio communications networks. It has taken over healthcare, education, welfare and finance in parts of the country. Further information on this can be found at the 2010 report at the Congressional Research Service on Hezbollah’s background by Casey Addis and Christopher Blanchard.
Hezbollah even undertook projects like providing drinking water for parts of Lebanon, claiming this was part of its “resistance” against Israel. In short it got the government to outsource part of government responsibilities to Hezbollah and then it had an iron grip on the country. It even put its own fiber optic communications network to use to bypass the government. Any attempt to stop the takeover is met with Hezbollah violence. Hezbollah attacked adversaires and took over part of the country in 2008 when opposition in the government sought to crack down on the military communication network in the country. Hezbollah coordinated the killing of Lebanese Prime Minister Rafic Hariri in 2005 using that network.
Now Hezbollah wants the fruits and vegetables too. France24 says this is a “welcome initiative in a country crippled by a financial crisis and food shortages. But critics say it’s yet another bid by the powerful Shiite movement to win loyalty by providing services in a weak state and oversee a parallel economy.”
Hezbollah exploited the country’s economic failures and food shortage by opening the new supermarkets. “Food in Lebanon is not just overpriced but often impossible to find,” France24. Now Al-Sajjad supermarkets provide cheaper goods but you need a special card and you have to prove you don’t earn much money. “Anyone in need can shop with us, regardless of their religious affiliation and even if they are not Hezbollah supporters,” the Hezbollah official told France24.
The report notes that Hezbollah has been accused of smuggling the goods over the border, stocking shelves by preying on Syria and Iraq. Only 8,000 people so far have supposedly joined the new Hezbollah supermarket membership chain, which acts like a Costco, if Costo was run by an American religious armed militia with members in Congress.
How does it work if you want to shop at Hezbollah’s market? According to the report you may apply but then a Hezbollah party member comes to give you the card. People are apparently so afraid they asked France24 to change their names for the article. “The stores look like large depots and are always fully stocked. I was able to buy milk, rice, sugar and vegetable oil at reduced prices,” one person told the reporters.
Other Islamist groups have used food as a weapon. Pro-Turkey groups would stock warehouses near Kilis during the Syrian civil war and bring it across to displaced people. It is unclear if they distributed it only to their supporters. Food was used as a weapon in Somalia in the 1990s and other conflicts.
According to the report the Al-Sajjad card means a person can get rive, sugar, cooking oil and some other basic products. One teacher said “he had been approached by Hezbollah members from his village who offered to give him an Al-Sajjad card.” With the card he can get health care too. Critics have pointed out that this illustrates how the state no longer exists in Lebanon.
But is Hezbollah only maintaining stability in its Shi’ite areas or using food as a weapon now. “The party sees itself as a victim of a plot hatched against it by the United States, to bring it to its knees,” one person told France24. “It’s responding by ensuring that its public doesn’t go hungry by securing its own supply channels through Iran, Syria or Iraq.”
That seems like it is benefiting Iran, much as Iran subverted Iraq’s economy, destroyed part of Iraq and holds it hostage through armed groups. Iran does the same thing to Yemen. It holes out the country, creates a parallel militia state and then makes everyone go through that parallel state for services, eroding the real institutions. Western governments tend to try to prop up state institutions by arguing this will balance Hezbollah in Lebanon, but that has the affect of only empowering Hezbollah and legitimizing it by enabling the weakened state to limp along while Hezbollah increasingly creates a new, more powerful Hezbollah-state, next to the ruins of the old state.
Lapid和Gantz會面，Yesh Atid領導人希望有機會組建聯盟
“變革集團”的事實上的負責人與其他黨的領導人會面，計劃公共演講；斯莫特里奇（Smotrich）表示比阿拉伯支持的右翼政府更偏愛阿拉伯支持的貝內特·拉皮德（Bennett-Lapid）聯盟
通過拉烏爾WOOTLIFF 今天10:03 pm 0


當時的藍白黨領袖班尼·甘茨（Benny Gantz，右）和耶爾·拉皮德（Yair Lapid）於2019年10月3日在耶路撒冷第22屆以色列議會開幕式上的派系會議上。（Hadas Parush / Flash90）
耶什·阿迪德（Yesh Atid）主席Yair Lapid週六晚上會見了藍白黨領袖本尼·甘茨（Benny Gantz），事實上“變革集團”的領導人正在尋求組建聯盟的方式，總理本傑明·內塔尼亞胡（Benjamin Netanyahu）顯然仍在堅持自己的努力。
甘茨建議利用拉皮德組建下屆政府，但耶什·阿蒂德（Yesh Atid）領導人得到的建議要少於內塔尼亞胡（Netanyahu），後者遭到了第一次刺傷。15.8千
拉皮德希望在內塔尼亞胡的機會於5月4日結束時組建一個聯盟，他計劃與本週晚些時候發誓不參加內塔尼亞胡政府的其他政黨首腦會面。向以色列時報證實。
該黨還證實，拉皮德計劃在周日進行黃金時段的公開演講，他將在會議上討論他為建立“廣泛團結的政府”所做的努力。
這些努力之際，內塔尼亞胡似乎正在努力尋找願意組建利庫德領導的政府的61個以色列議會成員。
由於3月23日大選後內塔尼亞胡缺乏明顯的多數席位，如何達到61的神奇數字已經浮出了很多局面，包括依靠伊斯蘭黨拉姆的外部支持，儘管來自遠方的反對派包括Bezalel Smotrich在內的正確的立法者；試圖從其他各方招募“叛逃者”；並試圖讓基迪恩·薩爾（Gideon Sa'ar）領導的新希望黨加入這樣的聯盟。
據說內塔尼亞胡（Netanyahu）試圖說服領導宗教猶太復國主義黨的斯莫特里奇（Smotrich）接受拉姆（Ra'am）支持的一次性投票，該投票將允許建立政府。
但是根據第12頻道，斯莫特里奇曾表示，他更希望由耶什·阿蒂德（Yesh Atid）和亞米納（Yamina）領導並由多數阿拉伯聯合列表或拉姆黨（斯莫特里奇不參加的政黨）支持的聯盟，而不是由拉姆支持的右翼政府。


宗教猶太復國主義黨領袖貝扎萊爾·斯莫特里希（Bezalel Smotrich）於2021年4月4日在耶路撒冷的以色列議會發表新聞稿（Olivier FItoussi / Flash90）
斯莫特里奇週五在推特上重申了他對拉姆的反對，稱該黨“危險”，並聲稱內塔尼亞胡並未與他接洽，要求建立由伊斯蘭派別支持的政府。
斯莫特里奇說：“到目前為止，他甚至沒有暗示過他打算組建一個依靠他們的政府。”
“內塔尼亞胡在競選活動中一再保證不組建一個依靠[Ra'am領導人曼蘇爾]阿巴斯為首的政府，而且我不認為他甚至想到採取的行動與政府基於危險的恐怖主義支持者和反叛者的承諾背道而馳。 -猶太復國主義者”，宗教猶太復國主義領袖指責。
為了努力宣誓不願與他一起參加會議的某些政黨，內塔尼亞胡星期五呼籲薩爾（一個長期的政治對手，即使他和內塔尼亞胡都參加了利庫德黨）也加入了一個聯盟與利庫德集團（Likud）合作，以允許建立右翼政府。
內塔尼亞胡（Natanyahu）寫信給薩爾（Sa'ar）：“這是您的家，將受到您的熱烈歡迎。”
薩爾（Sa'ar）是一名前利庫德（Likud）部長，競選時宣誓不加入現任總理領導的政府，迄今已拒絕內塔尼亞胡（Natanyahu）取消承諾的呼籲。
13號頻道報導說，內塔尼亞胡現在願意為薩阿黨提供一些有利可圖的職位，包括副總理和以色列議會議長。報告說，內塔尼亞胡一直拒絕這樣做，因為他擔心這會被認為是利庫德集團內部有益的挑戰，但現在他承認他別無選擇。


合成圖像顯示左總理本傑明·內塔尼亞胡和右圖基迪恩·薩爾。（Flash90）
據第12頻道報導，薩爾對“張開雙臂”的提議表示懷疑，並表示：“在勒死他人之前，您必須張開雙臂。”
如果內塔尼亞胡未能在5月4日前獲得成功，並且里夫林沒有給予他延期，後者可以與第二個人進行嘗試（另外28天，可能還有14天的延期），或將任務授權回以色列議會，使立法機關有21天的時間就61名MK所支持的候選人達成協議。
如果總統任命第二人，而該人也未能組建聯盟，則任務授權將自動返回議會，為期21天。在此期間，任何MK都有資格組建政府。
里夫林表示，如果內塔尼亞胡失敗，他可能不會將任務授權給第二位候選人，而應立即將其發回以色列議會。在這樣做之前，他似乎也不太可能授予Netanyahu延期。
在21天的期限結束時，如果沒有61名MK同意候選人，新的以色列議會將自動解散，該國將再次進行選舉。