2021.10.22 國際新聞導讀-以色列財長利伯曼認為與伊朗衝突不遠了、敘利亞總統與伊朗伊拉克參謀長會晤、伊朗從俄羅斯購買先進武器、黎巴嫩與以色列談海上劃界、專書分析美國20年阿富汗戰爭的底細、G20多國為減碳事爭執、土耳其破壞摩撒德間諜網、台拉維夫輕軌系統試營運

2021-10-22·21 分鐘

本集介紹

2021.10.22 國際新聞導讀-以色列財長利伯曼認為與伊朗衝突不遠了、敘利亞總統與伊朗伊拉克參謀長會晤、伊朗從俄羅斯購買先進武器、黎巴嫩與以色列談海上劃界、專書分析美國20年阿富汗戰爭的底細、G20多國為減碳事爭執、土耳其破壞摩撒德間諜網、台拉維夫輕軌系統試營運

利伯曼:與伊朗的衝突是時間問題,不遠了
財政部長阿維格多·利伯曼(Avigdor Liberman)表示,“與伊朗的對抗只是時間問題,不是長久之計。”
作者:TAL SHALEV/WALLA , YAKI ADAMKAR/WALLA
2021 年 10 月 21 日 14:06

財政部長阿維格多·利伯曼週四表示,“與伊朗的對抗只是時間問題,不會持續很長時間。”
在 Walla 工作室接受 Tal Shalev 和 Yaki Adamkar 的採訪時,Liberman 強調“沒有任何外交舉措或協議可以阻止伊朗核計劃。他們看到朝鮮,儘管採取了外交舉措,但他們看到了其前所未有的激化。猶太人民絕不能生活在幻想中。希特勒在 1923 年寫了他的書,然後奪取了政權。這是國際社會的問題,但首先是我們的問題,因為他們已經聲明他們的政策是摧毀以色列,而且他們確實是認真的。”
財政部長提到了政府批准的國防預算。“他們很驚訝為什麼為 IDF 批准瞭如此大的預算。資金會變得更強大,購買先進的系統。在花了三年時間後,北方保護計劃也有資金。”
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利伯曼討論了縮短輪班時間的大綱以及衛生部長尼贊霍洛維茨與抗議組織者達成的協議。“我和霍洛維茨談過,他是一個體面的人。這個實習生的安排是在​​ 2011 年確定的。實習生的輪班時間是 26 小時,實習生的平均工資是每月 24,000 新謝克爾。十年沒有打擾任何人。我們在政府三個月,我們被攻擊以解決整個問題,這是不公平的。我們將在與醫療聯盟的協議框架內對此進行審查。”
據他說,“霍洛維茨沒有自己與實習生敲定任何事情”。“我們與 Orna Barbivai 和 Horowitz 提出了一個名為‘Periphery First’的大綱,需要強調的是,Tel Hashomer 或 Ichilov 並不缺乏實習生,外圍地區非常短缺,Eilat、Nahariya 和 Safed, “我們需要照顧他們。這就是為什麼我們建立了一個每個人都可以接受的大綱。我認為在逾越節之後我們將就新的集體安排進行談判,在那之前什麼都沒有。其他一切都是故事。”

2021 年 10 月 17 日,醫學生在特拉維夫舉行示威,支持因抗議醫院 26 小時輪班和繁重工作而辭職的醫生、實習生和居民(圖片來源:MIRSHAM)
他繼續攻擊抗議領袖雷·比頓並說:“你可以登錄她的 Facebook,看到她每周有五天從早到晚經營一家私人診所,提供所有服務。因此,不可能說每個人都筋疲力盡,為了微薄的工資而工作。工作條件不是最佳的,而是合理的。這是美國和世界各地所接受的,而不僅僅是在這裡。”
財政部長被問及氣候危機以及提高一次性產品稅收的決定。“我已經很久沒有使用一次性餐具了。我不明白這裡的消費量是歐盟的四倍多,這對環境和氣候有害,這是多麼瘋狂。”
他提到了改革對極端正統派公眾的傷害。“我不明白誰認為這對他有害。40 年前沒有一次性餐具,沒有洗碗機,這些故事是 Shas 和聯合托拉猶太教的情節。這些不是稅收,最終,消費者會不購買一次性餐具,這是為了改變以色列公民的行為模式。”
Liberman 還被問及 IDF 國家石油公司的工資和養老金的補充。“這項安排是本-古里安在 1960 年代製定的。我們下訂單並減少金額,取消計算養老金的正常服務年數,並節省了數億 [謝克爾]。試圖將國家石油公司描述為加勒比海盜是無效的。”
關於正規兵的工資,財政部長說:“正規兵沒有工資,有生活津貼。我們沒有僱傭軍或職業軍隊。我在選舉前承諾增加生活津貼普通士兵50%,你想要什麼?已經四個月了,一年後檢查我。”
利伯曼指責利庫德集團和反對派領導人本雅明內塔尼亞胡憤世嫉俗地使用以色列國防軍士兵。“這是我見過的最憤世嫉俗、最危險的事情。這是第一次有大黨操縱18歲、19歲和20歲的年輕人。內塔尼亞胡利用士兵在政治上煽動反對另一黨派。內塔尼亞胡說利庫德集團會議認為“這是目前輿論的最強點,盡量多說”。誰阻止他這樣做?你執政到2021年,內塔尼亞胡為什麼不這樣做?這是徹頭徹尾的玩世不恭和操縱。他並不真正關心以色列國防軍士兵,這是一種政治用途。”
Liberman: Conflict with Iran a matter of time, not far off
Finance Minister Avigdor Liberman said "a confrontation with Iran is only a matter of time, and not a long time."
By TAL SHALEV/WALLA, YAKI ADAMKAR/WALLA
OCTOBER 21, 2021 14:06



An IAF fighter jet is seen taking off amid the Vered Hagalil drill in Israel's North.

(photo credit: IDF SPOKESPERSON'S UNIT)
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Finance Minister Avigdor Liberman said Thursday that "a confrontation with Iran is only a matter of time, and not a long time."
In an interview at Walla studios with Tal Shalev and Yaki Adamkar, Liberman stressed that "no diplomatic move or agreement will stop the Iranian nuclear program. They see North Korea, despite the diplomatic moves, they see its unprecedented intensification. The Jewish people must not live in illusions. Hitler wrote his book in 1923 and then seized power. This is a problem of the international community but first of all ours because they have stated that their policy is the destruction of Israel, and they do mean it."
The Finance Minister referred to the defense budget approved by the government. "They were surprised why such a large budget was approved for the IDF. The money is going to become stronger and the purchase of advanced systems. There is also money for the northern protection program after it took three years."
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Liberman discussed the outline for shortening shifts and the agreement reached by Health Minister Nitzan Horowitz with the protest organizers. "I talked to Horowitz, he's a decent man. This arrangement for interns was determined in 2011. The intern's shift is 26 hours, and the average intern's salary is NIS 24,000 per month. For ten years it did not bother anyone. We are in the government for three months and we are being attacked to fix the whole situation, it is not fair. We will examine this in the framework of the agreement with the medical union."
According to him, "Horowitz did not finalize anything" on his own with the interns. "We proposed an outline called 'Periphery First' with Orna Barbivai and Horowitz, and it is important to emphasize that there is no shortage of interns at Tel Hashomer or Ichilov, there is a great shortage in the periphery, Eilat, Nahariya and Safed, and we need to take care of them. That is why we have built an outline that is acceptable to everyone. I assume that after Pesach we will enter into negotiations on a new collective arrangement and until then nothing. Everything else is really stories."

MED STUDENTS demonstrate in Tel Aviv in support of doctors, interns and residents who resigned in protest of 26-hour-shifts and heavy workload in hospitals, October 17, 2021 (credit: MIRSHAM)
He went on to attack protest leader Ray Bitton and said: “You can log on to her Facebook and see that five days a week she runs a private clinic from morning to night, with all the services. So it is impossible to say that everyone is exhausted and works for a meager wage. Working conditions are not optimal, but reasonable. This is what is accepted in the United States and around the world, not just here."
The finance minister was asked about the climate crisis, and the decision to raise taxation on disposable products. "I have not used disposable utensils for a long time. I do not understand the madness that consumption here is over four times as much as the European Union, it harms the environment and the climate."
He referred to the harm to the ultra-Orthodox public as a result of the reform. "I do not understand who sees this as harmful to him. 40 years ago there were no single-use utensils and no dishwashers, these stories are plots of Shas and United Torah Judaism. These are not taxes, in the end, the consumer will not buy single-use utensils, and it is meant to change the behavioral patterns of the citizens of Israel."

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Liberman was also asked about the salaries of IDF NOCs and the supplement to the pension. "This arrangement was set in the 1960s by Ben-Gurion. We made orders and reduced the amount, took off the regular service years for calculating the pension and saved several hundred million [shekel]. The attempt to present NOCs as pirates of the Caribbean is invalid."
On the salary for soldiers in regular service, the finance minister said: "There is no salary for regular soldiers, there is a subsistence allowance. We do not have a mercenary or professional army. I promised before the election to increase the subsistence allowance for regular soldiers by 50%, what do you want? It's been four months, check me after a year."
Liberman accused the Likud and opposition leader Benjamin Netanyahu of the cynical use of IDF soldiers. "This is the most cynical and dangerous thing I have ever seen. This is the first time that a big party is manipulating young people, aged 18, 19 and 20. Netanyahu makes political use of soldiers to incite against another party. Netanyahu said at the Likud faction meeting that 'this is the strongest point in public opinion at the moment, talk about it as much as possible.' Who prevented him from doing that? You were in power until 2021, why did Netanyahu not do that? This is utter cynicism and manipulation. He does not really care about IDF soldiers, it is a political use."
伊朗稱讚與俄羅斯的武器交易-分析
這很重要,因為過去已經與俄羅斯和中國進行過一次聯合海軍演習:現在可能還會有更多。
作者:SETH J. FRANZMAN
2021 年 10 月 21 日 16:44


巴沙爾·阿薩德總統(中)在敘利亞國防部長阿里·阿卜杜拉·阿尤布(右三)在場的情況下會見伊拉克參謀長奧斯曼·加尼米(右四)和伊朗參謀長穆罕默德·侯賽因·巴蓋里(右五) )在敘利亞首都大馬士革

(圖片來源:SANA/法新社)
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據媒體報導,伊朗已就從俄羅斯購買武器達成協議。
“伊朗武裝部隊總參謀長穆罕默德·侯賽因·巴格里(Mohammad Hossein Bagheri)週三在聖彼得堡與俄羅斯海軍副總司令弗拉基米爾·卡薩托諾夫(Vladimir Kasatonov)會面時說,(合同已經簽訂),”俄羅斯通訊社(塔斯社)報導。
伊朗伊斯蘭共和國廣播公司援引伊朗軍方首長的話說:“武器協議的締結及其在不久的將來實施將大大加深我們的關係。”
這是伊朗與俄羅斯關係的一個新里程碑。
“伊朗總參謀長還訪問了俄羅斯海軍在聖彼得堡的總部和喀琅施塔得的軍事設施,”IRIB 報導。報導稱,巴蓋里正在俄羅斯進行為期四天的訪問,並會見了俄羅斯國防部長紹伊古,並與俄羅斯總參謀長瓦列裡·格拉西莫夫舉行了會談。

2021 年 7 月 25 日,俄羅斯總統弗拉基米爾·普京出席在俄羅斯聖彼得堡舉行的海軍日閱兵式。(圖片來源:SPUTNIK/ALEXEI NIKOLSKY/KREMLIN)
伊朗迫切需要使其陸軍、海軍和空軍現代化。它最近派船隻繞過非洲,繞過蘇伊士運河到達俄羅斯。
與此同時,支持敘利亞政權的莫斯科抱怨本週在大馬士革發生的恐怖襲擊。最近幾天,敘利亞政權在海灣關係和中東其他網絡方面取得了進展。
據伊朗媒體報導,伊朗已同意與俄羅斯開展更多合作。這很重要,因為已經與俄羅斯和中國進行了一次聯合海軍演習;現在,可能還有更多。
伊朗海軍需要新的艦船和潛艇。它最近遭受了許多挫折,其中一艘船著火併沉沒。
最近在莫斯科的討論是否會導致重大交易還有待觀察。伊朗沒有很多現金,而正在應對 COVID-19 危機的俄羅斯正忙於嘗試與白俄羅斯整合新的防禦計劃,並與北約對抗。
Iran praises arms deal with Russia - analysis
This is important because there was already one joint naval drill with Russia and China in the past: Now there could be more.
By SETH J. FRANTZMAN
OCTOBER 21, 2021 16:44

President Bashar al-Assad (C) meeting with Iraq's Chief of Staff Othman al-Ghanimi (4th-R) and Iran's Chief of Staff Mohammad Hossein Bagheri (5th-L) in the presence of Syrian Defence Minister Ali Abdullah Ayyoub (3rd-R) in the Syrian capital Damascus

(photo credit: SANA/AFP)
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Iran has reached an agreement on arms purchases from Russia, according to media reports.
“Chief of the General Staff of the Iranian Armed Forces Mohammad Hossein Bagheri said [the contracts had been concluded] at a meeting with Russian Navy Deputy Commander-in-Chief Vice Admiral Vladimir Kasatonov in St. Petersburg on Wednesday,” the Russian News Agency (TASS) reported.
“The conclusion of arms agreements and their implementation in the near future will considerably deepen our relationships,” the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting corporation quoted the Iranian military chief as saying.
This is a new milestone in Iran-Russia relations.
“The chief of the Iranian General Staff also visited the Russian Navy’s headquarters in St. Petersburg and military facilities in Kronshtadt,” IRIB reported. Bagheri is in Russia for a four-day visit and has met with Russian Defense Minister Sergei Shoigu and held talks with Chief of the Russian General Staff Valery Gerasimov, the report said.

Russia's President Vladimir Putin attends the Navy Day parade in Saint Petersburg, Russia July 25, 2021. (credit: SPUTNIK/ALEXEI NIKOLSKY/KREMLIN)
Iran desperately needs to modernize its army, navy and air force. It recently sent ships around Africa, bypassing the Suez Canal to reach Russia.
Meanwhile, Moscow, which backs the Syrian regime, has complained about this week’s terrorist attack in Damascus. In recent days, the Syrian regime has made progress in Gulf ties and with other networking in the Middle East.
Iran has agreed to more cooperation with Russia, according to Iranian media reports. This is important because there has already been one joint naval drill with Russia and China; now, there could be more.
Iran’s navy needs new ships and submarines. It has suffered many setbacks recently, including one ship that caught fire and sank.
It remains to be seen if the recent discussions in Moscow will lead to major deals. Iran doesn’t have a lot of cash, and Russia, which is dealing with the COVID-19 crisis, is busy trying to integrate a new defense plan with Belarus and also confront NATO.
黎巴嫩吹捧與以色列進行海上邊界談判的“新機會”
米歇爾·奧恩總統表示“黎巴嫩願意繼續與會談進行積極合作”。
通過LAHAV哈爾科夫
2021 年 10 月 21 日 20:49


2021 年 8 月 6 日,一名以色列士兵站在以色列-黎巴嫩邊界以色列一側的一個砲兵部隊旁邊。

(圖片來源:REUTERS/AMMAR AWAD)
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黎巴嫩領導人周三在貝魯特與美國全球能源安全高級顧問阿莫斯·霍赫斯坦會晤時,表示願意繼續與以色列就兩國海上邊界進行談判。
據阿拉伯新聞報導,黎巴嫩總統米歇爾·奧恩表示“黎巴嫩願意繼續與會談進行積極合作”。
據黎巴嫩國家通訊社報導,議會議長納比赫·貝里 (Nabih Berri) 說:“我們有一個新的機會在納庫拉恢復談判,美國正在這方面做出新的努力。”
黎巴嫩外長阿卜杜拉·布·哈比卜也會見了霍赫斯坦。這位部長在會後表示,“討論了與被佔領巴勒斯坦劃定海上邊界的問題,氣氛是積極的。”

以色列-黎巴嫩邊界(圖片來源:MARC ISRAEL SELLEM/THE JERUSALEM POST)
貝魯特說:“還同意保持溝通並努力在該文件中取得積極成果,這符合黎巴嫩的利益。”
Hochstein 在黎巴嫩接受 Al Hadath TV 採訪時呼籲盡快完成海上邊界談判。
他補充說,邊界劃分談判不是關於正常化,以色列和黎巴嫩的共同氣藏不是一種選擇。
國務院在霍克斯坦之行前發出的信息稱,他正在黎巴嫩討論該國能源危機的可持續解決方案。
“霍赫斯坦先生還將強調拜登政府願意幫助黎巴嫩和以色列為兩國人民的共同海上邊界找到雙方同意的解決方案,”聲明中寫道。
在美國的調解下,黎巴嫩和以色列去年開始就兩國海上邊界進行間接談判。經過四輪會談,當黎巴嫩大幅增加要求,將爭議面積從869平方公里擴大到869平方公里時,該進程停止。至 2,300 平方公里。這將包括位於以色列經濟水域的 Karish North 天然氣田,那裡已經在進行鑽探。
Lebanon touts 'new opportunity' for maritime border talks with Israel
President Michel Aoun expressed "Lebanon's readiness to continue to cooperate positively" with the talks.
By LAHAV HARKOV
OCTOBER 21, 2021 20:49
raeli soldier stands next to an artillery unit on the Israeli side of the Israel-Lebanon border August 6, 2021.

(photo credit: REUTERS/AMMAR AWAD)
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Lebanese leaders indicated a willingness to continue negotiations with Israel about the countries' maritime border, in a meeting with US Senior Adviser for Global Energy Security Amos Hochstein in Beirut on Wednesday.
Lebanese President Michel Aoun expressed "Lebanon's readiness to continue to cooperate positively" with the talks, Arab News reported.
"We have a new opportunity to resume negotiations in Naquora, with the new US efforts being exerted in this context," Parliament Speaker Nabih Berri said, according to Lebanon's National News Agency.
Lebanese Foreign Minister Abdallah Bou Habib also met with Hochstein. The minister said following the meeting that "the issue of demarcating the maritime borders with occupied Palestine was discussed and the atmosphere was positive."

Israel-Lebanon border (credit: MARC ISRAEL SELLEM/THE JERUSALEM POST)
"It was also agreed to maintain communication and strive to reach a positive result in this file, in what serves Lebanon's interest," Beirut stated.
Hochstein called for the maritime border talks to be completed quickly, in an interview with Al Hadath TV in Lebanon.
He added that the border demarcation talks are not about normalization, and that common gas reservoirs for Israel and Lebanon are not an option.
The State Department's message ahead of Hochstein's trip said he was in Lebanon to discuss a sustainable solution to the country's energy crisis.
"Mr. Hochstein will also underscore the Biden Administration’s willingness to help Lebanon and Israel find a mutually agreeable solution to their shared maritime boundary for the benefit of both peoples," the statement read.
Lebanon and Israel began indirect negotiations about their maritime border last year, mediated by the US. After four rounds of talks, the process stopped when Lebanon sharply increased its demands, increasing the disputed area from 869 sq. km. to 2,300 sq. km. This would include the Karish North natural gas field, in Israeli economic waters, where drilling is already taking place.
新書探討了美國如何在阿富汗失敗 - 評論
最終失敗的美國經驗的警告信號從一開始就很明顯。
作者:SETH J. FRANZMAN
2021 年 10 月 21 日 14:13



上週,塔利班代表抵達卡塔爾多哈會見美國和歐洲代表。

(圖片來源:路透社)
廣告
在美國於 2001 年將塔利班從喀布爾的權力下台後不久,在9/11 恐怖襲擊之後,人們已經意識到美國在參與一個複雜的國家方面是多麼危險的天真。一位美國將軍斯坦利·麥克里斯特爾(Stanley McChrystal)將美國人與進入充滿黑手黨成員的酒吧的高中生進行了比較。
問題不僅僅是天真。即使美國意識到它對阿富汗的不了解,它似乎仍然沒有費心去教育關鍵領導人了解正在發生的事情。從不了解部落動態,到溺愛軍閥和似乎已經掠奪美國數十億美元的腐敗的當地人,這一切都很清楚。
今天戰爭結束了,我們知道它是如何結束的。大衛·洛恩 (David Loyn) 的新《長期戰爭》(Long War) 是美國介入阿富汗的絕佳記述。它首先勾勒出美國在 2001 年採取的緩慢的第一步行動,將塔利班趕下台,一直到本應幫助贏得戰爭的激增,然後是美國和美國支持的政府長期緩慢的失敗。雖然這本書是在美國撤軍之前寫的,正確解決了今年導致國家崩潰的問題。作者還嘗試採用廣泛的方法來診斷出了什麼問題。他要解決的一個問題是戰略和戰術是否從一開始就錯了。“毫無疑問,輕足跡方法並沒有讓美國擁有離開一個穩定國家的全部能力。” 他指出,一開始美國甚至沒有抓到應對 9/11 事件負責的人。奧薩馬·本·拉登又逃了十年。
洛恩的書揭示了美國從一開始就似乎從未想贏得戰爭。閱讀這本書有一些莫名其妙的地方,因為它揭示了失敗是如何發生的。這也讓人想知道這場戰爭到底是怎麼回事:數十億美元消失了,其中大部分用於從未實現的項目。巨大的腐敗程度似乎是這場戰爭的基礎。為什麼美國在 2001 年不費心去抓捕本拉登,反而似乎將尋找恐怖分子的工作外包給了當地人,甚至是支持塔利班和基地組織的巴基斯坦人。
支撐這場戰爭的另一個問題是關於戰略的討論。談論“小足跡”和精確空襲被用來推翻塔利班,而美國不會被捲入某種越南情景,這是衝突的一個方面。但反恐行動的概念在敘利亞對伊斯蘭國起作用。那麼為什麼它在阿富汗不起作用呢?因為看起來塔利班從一開始就被允許繼續在全國開展活動,並得到巴基斯坦等地的公開支持。然而,美國卻步履蹣跚,不尋求勝利,而且知道當地的合作夥伴有問題。

2021 年 8 月 17 日,在德國柏林舉行的反對支持塔利班的抗議活動中,一個人舉著阿富汗國旗(圖片來源:ANNEGRET HILSE / REUTERS)
書中另一個有趣的啟示是,自 2009 年巴拉克·奧巴馬 (Barack Obama) 上任以來,喬·拜登 (而非美國總統) 對戰爭的批評程度。這意味著美國的主要聲音都知道戰爭會失敗,但又過了十年,美國人和阿富汗人在一場眾所周知的無法取勝的戰爭中喪生。
花了這麼多錢在阿富汗基本上什麼都不做的事實導致人們質疑戰爭是否真的是一項旨在將美國稅收轉移到有關係的公司和個人的政策,好像阿富汗戰爭實際上只是一場巨大的騙局而不是真正的衝突。在本書的開頭,洛恩指出,在阿富汗花費的資金是“海市蜃樓”,只有大約 10% 的資金到達了該國的地面。在美國的美國承包商不能像在阿富汗浪費錢那樣浪費錢,這可能是戰爭在沒有任何證據表明戰爭勝利的情況下繼續進行的原因之一。
這場長期戰爭的有趣之處在於,它展示了從 1990 年代美國捲入海灣戰爭和人道主義干預時代到 2000 年代美國轉向反制的時期,美國軍事戰略和政策的重大轉變。叛亂和反恐。今天出現的美國很大程度上是阿富汗戰爭的結果,它現在是一個不願在國外開戰的美國。洛恩的書是任何想知道美國在阿富汗戰敗後未來會如何發展的人的必讀之作。對阿富汗人來說可悲的是,暴力仍在繼續,即使在塔利班重新掌權之後,恐怖主義和襲擊仍在發生。
長期戰爭:美國和阿富汗的內幕,
大衛·洛恩聖馬丁
出版社
464 頁;29.99 美元
為什麼襲擊美國在敘利亞的坦夫基地很重要——分析
坦夫是靠近約旦和伊拉克邊境的一個孤獨的美國基地。因此,它因其所在的位置而具有戰略價值。
作者:SETH J. FRANZMAN
2021 年 10 月 21 日 12:02



2019 年 3 月 25 日,在戈蘭高地以色列和敘利亞之間的停火線上可以看到圍欄。

(圖片來源:AMMAR AWAD/REUTERS)
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一個在美軍基地在敘利亞襲擊了在週三晚上的地方。美國官員告訴媒體,涉及無人機系統和“間接火力”。這意味著無人機和火箭可能已被用於看似複雜的攻擊。鑑於敘利亞政權的行動自由,罪魁禍首很可能是與伊朗有聯繫的當地親伊朗部隊。
這種使用本地代理的模式對伊朗來說是經典之作。自 2019 年以來,德黑蘭一直鼓勵其在伊拉克的代理人用火箭和無人機攻擊美軍,無人機的使用越來越多。伊朗還向也門和加沙出口了無人機技術。今年 5 月,哈馬斯首次使用伊朗式無人機對抗以色列。與此同時,伊朗還將無人機轉移到敘利亞的 T-4 基地,並於 2018 年 2 月將其中一架飛入以色列領空。
這就是攻擊的背景。但這次襲擊更重要,因為它發生在什麼地方。當我們審視伊朗的無人機和火箭威脅時,會發現一條威脅弧線從黎巴嫩經敘利亞和伊拉克一直延伸到也門,綿延數千公里。伊朗使用這些武器威脅以色列、沙特阿拉伯、美國和海灣國家。
例如,也門的胡塞武裝使用火箭和無人機瞄準沙特阿拉伯的遠程目標,有時可達約 1,000 公里。在範圍內。
坦夫是敘利亞靠近約旦和伊拉克邊境的一個孤獨的美國基地。因此,它因其所在的位置而具有戰略價值。它橫跨一條道路,因此可以監控敘利亞這一地區發生的事情。該基地建在魯克班營地附近,多年來,敘利亞內戰期間,數以千計的敘利亞人在這裡避難。

敘利亞總統巴沙爾·阿薩德在紀念 1973 年與以色列戰爭週年的儀式上向大馬士革的無名烈士墓獻花。(信用:SANA/REUTERS)
美國建立該基地也是為了訓練敘利亞叛軍。然而,在 2017 年和 2018 年開始取得重大進展的敘利亞政權切斷了該基地與敘利亞東部任何其他叛軍或美國支持的部隊的聯繫。這意味著存在關於美國是否會在 2018 年之後留在坦夫的問題。
對於親敘利亞政權分子來說,基地是敘利亞方面的一根刺。對伊朗來說,這是對伊朗民兵的威脅,這些民兵沿著幼發拉底河從伊拉克邊境的阿爾布卡邁勒蔓延到代爾祖爾。這意味著伊朗認為該基地有可能威脅到其通過伊拉克和敘利亞開闢通往大海的道路,以便武裝真主黨的企圖。
卡塔伊布真主黨等親伊朗民兵組織在 2017 年之後在阿爾布卡邁勒設立了總部。 2018 年,一場空襲目標是卡塔布真主黨在阿布卡邁勒的一座建築物。2019 年晚些時候,更多的空襲針對伊拉克境內的親伊朗民兵組織,這些組織指責以色列。
2019年11月,俄羅斯表示以色列飛越約旦對敘利亞進行空襲。2020 年,在敘利亞的一次空襲中,一座名為 Tel al-Sahn 或“雷達盤山”的山丘遭到襲擊。這意味著,對於敘利亞政權、伊朗和該政權的俄羅斯支持者來說,坦夫基地的存在令人擔憂。他們認為該基地可能有助於向美國及其合作夥伴提供有關該地區和伊朗運動的情報。
還有另一個上下文。敘利亞政權正在伊拉克、埃及、約旦和海灣地區開展外聯活動,希望得到阿拉伯國家更多的支持。它希望在十年戰爭後恢復正常。將美國從 Tanf 中移除是這一願望的一部分。它希望在這個問題上得到約旦和伊拉克的支持。如果坦夫是無人機和火箭的目標,那麼邏輯是得到伊朗支持的當地分子可能認為這會騷擾美國離開。他們看到了美國如何離開阿富汗以及美軍如何離開伊拉克的許多設施。
無人機的使用表明了一些複雜性,並且可能得到德黑蘭的支持。伊朗在其卡尚基地培訓無人機操作員。它越來越多地使用無人機在阿曼灣等地發動襲擊,並以埃爾比勒的美軍為目標。
通常,它會獲得代理來駕駛這些無人機。美國將如何回應還有待觀察。2017年,美國在坦夫附近擊落了一架伊朗無人機。它還過去在敘利亞對親伊朗團體進行過空襲。
因此,對坦夫進行罷工的背景是更廣泛的地區鬥爭的一部分。然而,伊朗媒體並沒有誇大這次襲擊,導致人們質疑伊朗是否是這裡的主要參與者,或者與敘利亞政權或當地民兵更接近的其他因素是否是引導之手。
Why the attack on America’s Tanf base in Syria matters - analysis
Tanf is a lonely US base near the Jordanian and Iraqi border. As such, it is of strategic value because of where it is.
By SETH J. FRANTZMAN
OCTOBER 21, 2021 12:02



Fences are seen on the ceasefire line between Israel and Syria in the Golan Heights March 25, 2019.

(photo credit: AMMAR AWAD/REUTERS)
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An attack on a US base in Syria took place on Wednesday night. US officials told the media that unmanned aerial systems and “indirect fire” were involved. This means that drones and rockets may have been used in what appears to be a complex attack. The culprit is likely local pro-Iranian forces linked to Iran, given freedom of movement by the Syrian regime.
This model of using local proxies is classic for Iran. Tehran has encouraged its proxies in Iraq to attack US forces with rockets and drones since 2019, drones being increasingly used. Iran has also exported drone technology to Yemen and Gaza. Hamas used Iranian-style drones for the first time in May against Israel. Meanwhile, Iran has also moved drones to the T-4 base in Syria and flew one into Israeli airspace in February 2018.
That is the context of the attack. But the attack matters more because of where it took place. When we look at Iran’s drone and rocket threat, there is an arc of threat that stretches thousands of kilometers from Lebanon via Syria and Iraq to Yemen. Iran uses these weapons to threaten Israel, Saudi Arabia, the US and Gulf states.
For instance, Houthis in Yemen have used rockets and drones to target long-distance targets in Saudi Arabia, sometimes reaching some 1,000 km. in range.
Tanf is a lonely US base in Syria near the Jordanian and Iraqi border. As such, it is of strategic value because of where it is. It sits astride a road and can thus monitor what is happening in this part of Syria. The base was established near the Rukban camp where thousands of Syrians have sought refuge over the years during the Syrian civil war.

SYRIA’S PRESIDENT Bashar Assad places flowers at the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Damascus during a ceremony to mark the anniversary of the 1973 war with Israel. (credit: SANA/REUTERS)
The US established the base also to train Syrian rebels. However, the Syrian regime, which began to make major advances in 2017 and 2018, cut the base off from contact with any other rebel or US-backed forces in eastern Syria. That means there were questions about whether the US would stay at Tanf after 2018.
FOR PRO-SYRIAN regime elements, the base is a thorn in the side of Syria. For Iran, it is a threat to Iran’s militias that have spread along the Euphrates from Albukamal on the Iraq border to Deir Ezzor. This means that Iran sees the base as potentially threatening its attempt to create a road to the sea via Iraq and Syria so it can arm Hezbollah.

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Pro-Iranian militias such as Kataib Hezbollah set up headquarters in Albukamal after 2017. In 2018, an airstrike targeted a Kataib Hezbollah building in Albukamal. Later in 2019 more airstrikes targeted pro-Iranian militias in Iraq and those groups blamed Israel.
In November 2019, Russia said that Israel had flown over Jordan to conduct airstrikes in Syria. In 2020, a hill called Tel al-Sahn or ‘Radar dish hill’ was struck in an airstrike in Syria. What this means is that for the Syrian regime, Iran and the Russian backers of the regime the presence of the Tanf base is a concern. They think the base may help provide American and its partners intelligence about the region and Iranian movements.
There is another context as well. The Syrian regime is doing outreach to Iraq, Egypt, Jordan and the Gulf, hoping to get more support from Arab states. It wants a return to normal after a decade of war. Removing the US from Tanf is part of this desire. It would like to get Jordanian and Iraqi support on this issue. If Tanf is a target of drones and rockets, the logic is that local elements with Iranian support might think this can harass the US into leaving. They have seen how the US left Afghanistan and how US forces left many facilities in Iraq.
The use of drones points to some complexity and likely support from Tehran. Iran trains drone operators at its Kashan base. It has been increasingly using drones in attacks in places like the Gulf of Oman and targeting US forces in Erbil.
Usually, it gets proxies to fly these drones. It remains to be seen how the US might respond. In 2017 the US shot down an Iranian drone near Tanf. It has also carried out airstrikes in the past in Syria targeting pro-Iranian groups.
The context of the strike on Tanf, then, is part of a wider regional struggle. However, Iranian media has not played up the attack, leading to questions over whether Iran is the major player here, or if other elements closer to the Syrian regime or local militias are the guiding hand.
G20在羅馬峰會前因煤炭而分裂,氣候限制為1.5度
迄今為止,中國和印度等污染大國都緊隨其後,自 7 月份 G20 能源和環境部長在那不勒斯舉行會議以來,幾乎沒有取得任何進展。
通過路透
2021 年 10 月 21 日 12:57



2021 年 7 月 22 日,當 G20 氣候和環境部長在意大利那不勒斯舉行會議時,一個人拿著充氣地球,包括滅絕叛亂和星期五為未來在內的氣候活動家舉行抗議活動,要求採取更多行動。

(照片來源:GUGLIELMO MANGIAPANE / REUTERS)
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熟悉談判的消息人士稱,20 國集團 (G20) 為準備下週在羅馬召開的重要峰會,在逐步淘汰煤炭和承諾將全球變暖控制在 1.5 攝氏度的問題上存在分歧。
10 月 30 日至 31 日舉行的羅馬 G20 會議將控制排放的需求列為重要議程,這被視為即將在蘇格蘭格拉斯哥舉行的更廣泛的聯合國氣候談判(稱為 COP 26)之前的關鍵墊腳石。
三位不願具名的消息人士稱,迄今為止,中國和印度等污染大國一直緊追不捨,自 G20 能源和環境部長 7 月在那不勒斯舉行會議以來幾乎沒有取得任何進展。
其中一位消息人士說:“各國並未採取行動,目前他們仍在確保自己的立場被響亮而清晰地聽到。”
然而,他補充說,這種不妥協在現階段是正常的,在 G20 氣候夏爾巴協作下週四和周五,即他們領導人周末會議之前的面對面會議之前,不太可能做出任何讓步。

11 月,在阿根廷布宜諾斯艾利斯舉行的 G20 峰會期間,各國領導人合影留念。(信用:路透社)
“我認為問題在於中國、印度和俄羅斯對 1.5 度的承諾以及逐步淘汰煤炭和化石燃料,”另一位 G20 部長表示。
氣候科學家表示,與工業化前水平相比,將全球變暖限制在 1.5 度對於限制環境災難至關重要,但實現這一目標的廣泛而明確的承諾被證明是難以實現的。
2015 年簽署的具有里程碑意義的《聯合國巴黎協定》旨在將全球變暖限制在“遠低於 2 度”和“最好”限制在 1.5 度,此後國際會議一直在努力加強措辭。
在那不勒斯,能源和環境部長認識到1.5 度的環境風險低於 2 度,但再次沒有明確說明不得違反 1.5 度。
他們也未能就確定終止化石燃料補貼的日期、停止對煤炭項目的國際融資和完全淘汰煤電達成一致,要求領導人在即將舉行的羅馬峰會上彌合分歧。
大佬待在家裡
預計至少有四位 G20 領導人不會來到羅馬,其中包括掌舵世界最大溫室氣體排放國的中國習近平和俄羅斯主要石油和天然氣生產商的負責人弗拉基米爾普京。
一位消息人士表示,雖然這種缺席“不是一個重大的政治信號”,但並不一定會阻礙進展。
官員們說,印度總理納倫德拉·莫迪將來到羅馬,新德里週四證實,他也將出席在格拉斯哥舉行的 COP26。
俄羅斯、中國和印度都沒有承諾到 2050 年實現淨零碳排放,這被認為是將全球變暖限制在 1.5 度的重要目標。
其中一位消息人士稱,迄今為止,中國最不願意承諾 1.5 度的上限,而印度最不妥協地承諾到 2050 年不承諾淨零排放。
中國和印度也是尚未在 COP 26 之前提出新的國家計劃(稱為國家自主貢獻 (NDC))的國家之一,討論它們將如何幫助遏制氣候變化。
COP26 主席、英國的 Alok Sharma 在本月的一次演講中表示,佔全球排放量 80% 的 G20 將是在格拉斯哥取得成功的“成敗之地”。
然而,其中一位消息人士表示,格拉斯哥比羅馬更有可能取得突破。
他說,中國、印度和俄羅斯等排放大國在 G20 中往往會受到西方國家的壓力和阻撓,這讓它們採取防禦措施,不願讓步。
他說,規模更大的聯合國論壇更加“中立”,更有利於妥協。
將主持會議的意大利總理馬里奧·德拉吉週三表示,羅馬 G20 還將關注冠狀病毒大流行以及如何促進全球經濟復甦。
G20 split over coal, 1.5 degree climate limit ahead of Rome summit
So far big polluters such as China and India have dug in their heels and little progress has been made since G20 energy and environment ministers met in Naples in July.
By REUTERS
OCTOBER 21, 2021 12:57



A person holds inflatable Earth as climate activists including Extinction Rebellion and Fridays for Future stage a protest demanding more action whilst G20 climate and environment ministers hold a meeting in Naples, Italy, July 22, 2021.

(photo credit: GUGLIELMO MANGIAPANE / REUTERS)
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The Group of 20 rich countries is divided over phasing out coal and committing to limit global warming to 1.5 degrees Celsius as they prepare for a crucial summit in Rome next week, sources familiar with the negotiations said.
The need to curb emissions will be high on the agenda of the Rome G20 gathering on October 30-31, seen as a key stepping stone immediately ahead of broader United Nations climate talks, called COP 26, to be held in Glasgow, Scotland.
So far big polluters such as China and India have dug in their heels and little progress has been made since G20 energy and environment ministers met in Naples in July, said three sources, asking not to be named due to the sensitivity of the talks.
"Countries are not moving, at the moment they are still just making sure their positions are heard loud and clear," said one of the sources.
However, he added that such intransigence was normal at this stage and any concessions were unlikely to come before G20 climate sherpas meet face-to-face next Thursday and Friday, immediately before their leaders' weekend meeting.

LEADERS POSE for a photo during the G20 summit in Buenos Aires, Argentina, in November. (credit: REUTERS)
"Where I see the problem is in the commitment to 1.5 degrees and in the phase out of coal and fossil fuels by China, India and Russia," said another source, a G20 minister.
Climate scientists say capping global warming at 1.5 degrees compared with pre-industrial levels is vital to limit environmental disasters, but a broad and clear commitment to achieve the goal is proving elusive.
The landmark UN Paris Agreement signed in 2015 aimed to limit global warming to "well below 2 degrees" and "preferably" to 1.5 degrees, and since then international gatherings have tried with difficulty to toughen up the language.
In Naples, energy and environment ministers recognized that environmental risks were lower at 1.5 degrees than at 2, but again fell short of clearly stating 1.5 must not be breached.
They also failed to reach a unanimous agreement on fixing dates to end fossil fuel subsidies, halt international financing of coal projects and phase out coal power altogether, asking leaders to bridge the gaps at the upcoming Rome summit.
BIG-HITTERS STAY HOME
At least four G20 leaders are not expected to come to Rome, including China's Xi Jinping, at the helm of the world's biggest greenhouse gas emitter, and Russia's Vladimir Putin, head of a major oil and gas producer.
One source said while such absences were "not a great political signal," they would not necessarily prevent progress.
Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi will be coming to Rome, officials said, and New Delhi confirmed on Thursday that he will also be at the COP26 in Glasgow.
Neither Russia, China nor India have committed to achieving net-zero carbon emissions by 2050, considered a vital goal in limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees.
So far China is proving most reluctant to commit to the 1.5 degree ceiling, while India is most intransigent in not pledging net zero emissions by 2050, one of the sources said.
China and India are also among a group of countries that have not yet presented new national plans, known as Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) ahead of COP 26, on how they will help curb climate change.
The COP26 president, Britain's Alok Sharma, said in a speech this month the G20, which accounts for 80% of global emissions, would be "make, or break" for achieving success in Glasgow.
However, one of the sources said breakthroughs were more likely in Glasgow than in Rome.
Big emitters like China, India and Russia tend to feel pressured and hectored by the Western countries at the G20, he said, making them defensive and reluctant to concede ground.
The much larger UN forum was more "neutral" and conducive to compromise, he said.
The Rome G20 will also focus on the coronavirus pandemic and how to foster global economic recovery, Italian Prime Minister Mario Draghi, who will chair the meeting, said on Wednesday.
隧道盡頭的光:TLV輕軌完成首次全面試運行
輕軌於週三在 Petah Tikva 和 Bat Yam 之間完成了首次試運行。
作者:KEINAN COHEN/WALLA
2021 年 10 月 21 日 15:24



交通部長以色列卡茨在標誌著特拉維夫輕軌紅線地下建設工作開始的活動上發表講話

(圖片來源:路透社)
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經過六年多的努力,位於該國中部的新輕軌於週三晚上完成了沿紅線的首次試運行。兩列由 NTA - Metropolitan Mass Transit System 運營的列車於上午 12:30 離開佩塔提克瓦的車站綜合體,在耶路撒冷大道停靠,並於凌晨 3:00 沿 24 公里的路線抵達 Bat Yam 體育場。
夜間行動伴隨著一圈警察保安,其工作是防止居民以危險的方式接近火車。但深夜並沒有阻止許多居民掏出手機分享這一歷史性時刻。作為試駕的一部分,對列車的許多部件進行了測試,包括通信、信號、電力、軌道、攝像機、車廂本身以及推進和安全機制。
“我們今天創造了歷史:我們幾乎從 Petah Tikva 到 Bat Yam。這是我們第一次以完美的電力、汽車和軌道系統從頭到尾開通了這條線路,”NTA 首席執行官 Haim Glick 說,並補充說“我們還有很多系統協調工作要做,但這是歷史性的一天。”
在接下來的幾天內,輕軌將在 Bat Yam 開始一系列試運行,然後在大約兩週後在 Jaffa 的街道上進行。大約一年後全面投入運營,這次旅行將成為例行公事,每 3.5 分鐘有一列火車經過 24 個高架車站和 10 個地下車站,其中包括已被挖掘到約 35 米深度的艾倫比車站。每列火車將能夠搭載500名乘客。
大約三個月前,NTA首次開始進行輕軌試運行。當時,選擇了市內奧爾洛夫街和申卡爾街之間的路段進行初跑,得到了圍觀群眾的熱烈掌聲。
“直到現在,所有的挖掘和這個爛攤子都只是問題,”位於火車第一節的一位企業主分享道。“從現在開始,我開始看到解決方案。”
Light at the end of the tunnel: TLV light rail completes first full test-run
The light rail completed its first test-run between Petah Tikva and Bat Yam on Wednesday.
By KEINAN COHEN/WALLA
OCTOBER 21, 2021 15:24



Transportation Minister Israel Katz speaks at an event marking the beginning of underground construction work of the Tel Aviv light rail’s Red Line

(photo credit: REUTERS)
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After more than six years of work, the new light rail in the center of the country completed its first test-run along the Red Line on Wednesday night. The two trains, operated by the NTA ‑ Metropolitan Mass Transit System, left the depot complex in Petah Tikva at 12:30 a.m., stopped on Jerusalem Boulevard and arrived at Bat Yam Stadium at 3:00 a.m. on a 24-kilometer route.
The night operation was accompanied by a ring of police security whose job was to prevent residents from approaching the train in a dangerous manner. But the late hour of the night did not stop many residents from pulling out their cellphones and sharing the historic moment. As part of the test drive, a number of components of the train were tested, including communications, signaling, electricity, the track, cameras, the carriages themselves, and propulsion and safety mechanisms.
"We made history today: We practically traveled from Petah Tikva to Bat Yam. For the first time, we opened the line from end to end with a perfect system in terms of electricity, cars and tracks," said NTA CEO Haim Glick, adding that "we still have a lot of systems coordination work ahead, but this is a historic day."
In the next phase, to take place in the coming days, the light rail will begin a series of test-runs in Bat Yam, and then in about two weeks on the streets of Jaffa. Becoming fully operational in about a year, this trip will become routine, with a train passing every 3.5 minutes at 24 elevated stations and ten underground stations, including the Allenby station, which has been dug to a depth of about 35 meters. Each train will be able to carry 500 passengers.
About three months ago, NTA started running light rail test-run trips for the first time. At the time, the section between Orlov and Shenkar streets in the city was chosen for the initial run, which was received with applause from the residents who stood around excitedly.
"Until now, all the excavations and this mess were just problems," shared one of the business owners located in the first section of the train. "From now, I'm starting to see the solution."
15 名阿拉伯、巴勒斯坦摩薩德間諜在土耳其被捕 - 報告
土耳其媒體聲稱摩薩德網絡在該國被抓獲,就在哈馬斯附屬媒體提出類似聲明幾週後。
通過TZVI JOFFRE
2021 年 10 月 21 日 16:31



土耳其國旗,背景是新清真寺和蘇萊曼清真寺,於 2019 年 4 月 11 日在土耳其伊斯坦布爾的一艘客運渡輪上飄揚。

(圖片來源:Murad SEZER/REUTERS)
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土耳其媒體週四聲稱,一個由 15 名阿拉伯人組成的摩薩德網絡已被土耳其國家情報組織 (MIT) 抓獲。該報告是在哈馬斯附屬媒體聲稱巴勒斯坦間諜在土耳其為摩薩德工作幾週後發布的。
該報告稱,嫌疑人被分成五個牢房,每人三人,並於 10 月 7 日在一次秘密行動中被捕。土耳其沙巴報紙聲稱它也能夠獲得被指控的間諜的姓名和照片。
五個牢房之一與摩薩德的案件官員進行了接觸並會面,並提供了對以色列很重要的信息和文件。據沙巴稱,有關土耳其和在土耳其的外國學生的信息被提供給摩薩德以換取報酬。
土耳其 TRT Haber 新聞報導說,巴勒斯坦和敘利亞學生成為這些小組的目標,重點是接受國防工業培訓的學生,以及有關協會和組織的信息。TRT 報告包括逮捕的視頻。
其中一名主要間諜被報告認定為 AB,據稱收集了有關土耳其為該國反對以色列的巴勒斯坦人提供什麼樣的設施的信息。據報導,AB 於 2015 年底進入土耳其,並於今年 6 月被報告為失踪人員。沙巴聲稱,他失踪的報告旨在轉移對牢房的注意力,當時牢房已經受到監視。

2012 年 1 月 3 日,土耳其總理雷傑普·塔伊普·埃爾多安(右)和哈馬斯的加沙領導人伊斯梅爾·哈尼亞在安卡拉土耳其議會的一次會議上握手(圖片來源:STRINGER/REUTERS)
另外兩名嫌疑人,即 RAA 和 MAS,也被報告失踪。
該報告是在哈馬斯附屬的 Shehab 新聞報導稱在土耳其失踪的七名巴勒斯坦人因在土耳其為巴勒斯坦權力機構的通用情報局 (GIS) 和摩薩德從事間諜活動而被捕的幾週後發布的。報導稱,土耳其情報部門抓獲了這些間諜。
中東之眼新聞網站週四報導說,它能夠確認這 15 名嫌疑人已被逮捕,罪名是“從事間諜活動並為摩薩德工作以收集居住在土耳其的巴勒斯坦公民的信息”。
MEE 補充說,自 9 月以來據報在土耳其失踪的 6 名巴勒斯坦人是嫌疑人。其中一名嫌疑人的兄弟告訴MEE,有關間諜活動的報導是虛假的,整個情況是一場誤會。
Shehab 週四報導說,土耳其的報告證實了他們之前的報告。
上個月,巴勒斯坦媒體報導說,一些巴勒斯坦人在土耳其失踪。本月早些時候,巴勒斯坦外交部宣布,在土耳其當局聯繫了他們的家人後,已經確定了一些失踪巴勒斯坦人的下落。
根據 Shehab 的說法,巴勒斯坦人被招募時提出付款並威脅阻止他們更新護照,土耳其安全部門發現來自 GIS 的資金被發送給了“以可疑和激烈的方式移動的巴勒斯坦人” ,”尤其是在 5 月的城牆守護者行動之後。
Shehab 表示,GIS 間諜的目標是準備暗殺土耳其的主要巴勒斯坦人物。該報告稱,由於擔心土耳其總統埃爾多安的反應,以色列不願自己在土耳其開展行動。
Shehab 報告還稱,2016 年在巴勒斯坦駐保加利亞大使館死亡的 Omar al-Nayef 在 GIS 負責人 Majed Faraj 為以色列進行的一次行動中被殺。
15 Arab, Palestinian Mossad spies arrested in Turkey - report
Turkish media claimed a Mossad network was caught in the country, just weeks after Hamas-affiliated media made a similar claim.
By TZVI JOFFRE
OCTOBER 21, 2021 16:31



A Turkish flag, with the New and the Suleymaniye mosques in the background, flies on a passenger ferry in Istanbul, Turkey, April 11, 2019.

(photo credit: MURAD SEZER/REUTERS)
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Turkish media claimed on Thursday that a Mossad network of 15 Arabs has been caught by Turkey’s National Intelligence Organization (MIT). The report comes just weeks after Hamas-affiliated media claimed that Palestinian spies were working for the Mossad in Turkey.
The report claimed that the suspects were split into five cells of three people each and were all arrested in a covert operation on October 7. The Turkish Sabah newspaper claimed that it was able to obtain the names and photographs of the alleged spies as well.
One of the five cells was in contact with and met with case officers from the Mossad and provided information and documents important for Israel. Information about Turkish and foreign students in Turkey was given to the Mossad in exchange for payment, according to Sabah.

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The Turkish TRT Haber news reported that Palestinian and Syrian students were targeted by the cells, with a focus on students receiving training in the defense industry, as well as information on associations and organizations. The TRT report included video of the arrests.
One of the main spies, identified as A.B. by the report, allegedly collected information about what kind of facilities Turkey provides for Palestinians opposed to Israel in the country. A.B. entered Turkey in late 2015 and was reported as a missing person in June of this year, according to the report. The report he was missing was intended to divert attention from the cell, which was already under surveillance by then, Sabah claimed.

Turkey's Prime Minister Recep Tayyip Erdogan (R) and Hamas' Gaza leader Ismail Haniyeh shake hands during a meeting at the Turkish parliament in Ankara January 3, 2012 (credit: STRINGER/ REUTERS)
Another two suspects, identified as R.A.A. and M.A.S., were also reported as missing.
The report comes just weeks after the Hamas-affiliated Shehab news reported that seven Palestinians who had been reported missing in Turkey had been arrested for spying on “Palestinian national figures” in Turkey for the Palestinian Authority’s General Intelligence Services (GIS) and the Mossad. The report claimed that Turkish intelligence services caught the spies.
The Middle East Eye news site reported on Thursday that it was able to confirm that the 15 suspects had been arrested on charges of “espionage and working for Mossad to gather information on Palestinian citizens living in Turkey.”
MEE added that six Palestinians who were reported missing in Turkey since September were among the suspects. One of the brothers of one of the suspects told MEE that the reports about espionage were false and that the whole situation was a misunderstanding.
Shehab reported on Thursday that the Turkish report confirmed their earlier report.
Last month, Palestinian media reported that a number of Palestinians had gone missing in Turkey. Earlier this month, the Palestinian Foreign Ministry announced that the whereabouts of some of the missing Palestinians had been identified, after Turkish authorities contacted their families.
The Palestinians were recruited with offers of payment and threats of obstructing the renewal of their passports, according to Shehab, with Turkish security services finding that sums of money coming from the GIS were being sent to Palestinians who were “moving in a suspicious and intense manner,” especially after Operation Guardian of the Walls in May.
The goal of the GIS spies was to prepare for assassination operations against leading Palestinian figures in Turkey, according to Shehab. The report claimed that Israel was reluctant to carry out operations itself in Turkey due to concerns of a reaction by Turkish President Erdogan.
The Shehab report additionally claimed that Omar al-Nayef, who died in the Palestinian Embassy in Bulgaria in 2016, was killed in an operation conducted by GIS chief Majed Faraj for Israel.