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2021.05.27 國際新聞導讀-中俄戰略夥伴會談、分析中國介入中東的不智、開羅下周主持以巴哈瑪斯會談、以國拒絕美國在耶路撒冷重建總領事館、黎巴嫩軍方高層赴法國求助
楊潔篪訪俄 中俄欲突破孤立
發表時間： 24/05/2021 - 00:39
中共外交事務最高官員楊潔篪(右）與中國國務委員、外長王毅（左）3月18日抵達阿拉斯加，舉行美中會談開幕式。 AP - Frederic J. Brown
作者：安德烈
6 分鐘
中共負責外交最高官員，中共政治局委員楊潔篪5月24日訪問俄羅斯，與俄方舉行為期三天的中俄第十六輪戰略安全磋商。
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中國外交部發言人趙立堅5月23日宣布了這一消息。參加完中俄會議之後，楊潔篪還將訪問斯洛文尼亞以及克羅地亞兩個歐盟成員國。
楊潔篪作為中國最高外交官，真正大出名是在中美三月中旬舉行的阿拉斯加對話會上，那是雙方冷卻數月以後在拜登新政府主導下的第一次會面。楊潔篪被指不顧外交禮儀，講話嚴重超時，他抨擊“美國本身不代表國際輿論，西方世界也不代表”。楊潔篪還說，“美國沒有資格居高臨下同中國說話”，“你們沒有資格在中國面前說，你們從實力的立場同中國談話”，他的一句“中國不吃那一套”也成了網絡名言。
不過，分析人士指出，中俄都清楚在西方面臨的孤立處境，在這一背景下，雙方總是尋找一切機會，深化關係，或者向歐美顯示這種聯盟關係。阿拉斯加會談不久之後，俄羅斯外長拉夫羅夫訪問中國，雙方應對歐美口吻一致，最後發表的聯合聲明稱：“反對將人權問題政治化，擯棄借人權問題干涉別國內政和搞雙重標準”，人權問題是中俄的“頑症”，雙方都不願意被外界揭露，因此，在人權上倒打一耙往往是中俄通用的手法。
中國外長王毅年初曾讚揚中俄關係進入新的發展階段，兩國戰略合作“沒有止境，沒有禁區，沒有上限”，在這些超級籠統的大話後面，一些評論人士卻以為，中俄存在着針對美國的某種實用性質的聯盟，但兩國潛在分歧也很深重，結盟恐是權宜之計，難以持久。
這一次楊潔篪與俄羅斯方面舉行戰略會議，也被分析人士認為是在美國對地緣政治的主導地位有所削弱、且新冠疫情持續泛濫之際，兩國乘機深化雙邊關係的好機會。
中國國家主席習近平和俄羅斯總統普京5月19日通過視頻連線共同出席了兩國核能合作項目開工儀式。普京在會上稱，兩國之間的關係已達到“歷史上最好水平”。習近平也說，面對疫情，中俄“堅定地相互支持”，他還提到雙方“新時期全面戰略合作夥伴關係。”
許多觀察家感興趣的問題仍然是：中俄關係到底能夠合作到什麼樣的程度，能夠有多持久？
為什麼中國成為以色列對加沙地帶的主要批評者？- 分析
最近在加沙舉行的以色列與哈馬斯戰爭的爭議引起了中國的嚴厲評論，其中一些是針對美國的，但與過去相比，對以色列的批評似乎更為嚴厲。
由SETH J.FRANTZMAN
2021年5月20日17:12
中國國旗
（照片來源：WIKIMEDIA COMMONS / ECOW）
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隨著新的創新中心的建立，以色列與中國的關係在近幾十年來日益緊密，兩國都期待著明年慶祝建交30週年。魯汶·里夫林總統於4月接待了新任中國大使蔡潤。
但是，最近有關加沙的以色列與哈馬斯戰爭的爭議引起了中國的嚴厲評論，有些是針對美國的，但與過去相比，這似乎對以色列的批評更為嚴厲。
例如，5月16日，中國外交部長王毅表示，美國正在阻止聯合國安理會企圖以一種聲音就以色列在加沙的行動發表講話。
據CGTN稱，王毅說，以色列和巴勒斯坦人之間的升級衝突造成了大量人員傷亡。聲明的措詞沒有提及哈馬斯向以色列發射火箭彈。
中國說，停火是當務之急。“中國強烈譴責針對平民的暴力行為，並再次敦促衝突雙方立即停止軍事和敵對行動，並停止使情況惡化的行動，包括空襲，地面進攻和火箭發射。以色列必須特別克制，” CGTN報告說。
該聲明不僅提到了哈馬斯的火箭彈，現在已經達到了4000枚。它還呼籲以色列解除對加沙的封鎖，並保證在被佔領的巴勒斯坦領土上的巴勒斯坦人的安全和權利。尚不清楚這是否也涉及加沙。
顯而易見的是，中國試圖在這一問題上發揮領導作用。它呼籲美國承擔責任，將美國描繪成捍衛以色列的孤獨之音，而不是讓聯合國安理會譴責以色列的行動。中國重申支持兩國解決方案。
聲明還指出，中國是巴勒斯坦人民的支持者，中國已提出要“巴勒斯坦和以色列的和平締造者”來華進行對話。
在更具爭議性的舉動中，CGTN主持人還被指控發表反猶太評論，而這並不是眼前唯一的問題。
主持人鄭俊峰說：“有些人認為美國的親以色列政策可以追溯到美國富裕的猶太人和猶太遊說者對美國外交政策制定者的影響。” 他指出，美國是中國的競爭對手，而以色列則是中東與美國聯繫在一起的“灘頭堡”。
SIGNAL，中以全球網絡和學術領導機構SIGNAL的執行董事Carice Witte在一篇有關最近衝突的論文中指出，“在過去涉及以色列的衝突中，中國從來沒有這麼大聲疾呼。”
但是，全球情況正在發生變化。“中國正在重新定位自己作為國際社會的代言人，這是其旨在重塑全球治理以更好地適應中國的製度和利益的目標的一部分。” 來自中國的評論“是為了吸引全球聽眾在以色列和加沙之間發生的當前戰爭之後日益激進的激進派，部分原因是他們採取了美國傳統的政治家立場。”
中國對以色列有濃厚的興趣，並有興趣聽取以色列的聲音。與此同時，美國開始迴避以中關係，警告有關技術轉讓或海法港和其他基礎設施項目潛在交易的警告，這些項目可能被認為具有戰略意義。中國正在考慮其“一帶一路”倡議，並經常談論這可能與以色列的角度。
在最近幾年中，情況發生了變化。美國對中國更加公開敵視，反之亦然。中國作為一個海軍強國變得更加自信，並且在世界範圍內也越來越涉足。中國還與伊朗簽署了一項為期25年的新協議。
隨著世界變得更加多極化，並且中國，俄羅斯，伊朗和土耳其的利益日益融合，可能會發生重大變化。伊朗和土耳其對以色列懷有敵意。
中國並不懷有敵意，但它有許多利益，而且由於它扮演著更加全球性的角色，因此關於它如何看待以色列可能存在爭論。有關以色列是“灘塗”或美國盟友的評論將其置於反對派陣營中。這裡有趣的是，極左派民主黨人中，美國的聲音也越來越多，他們希望切斷軍售並向以色列提供援助，並將以色列視為敵國。
這使以色列處於尷尬境地，因為它希望在亞洲新興經濟體中發揮關鍵作用。美國希望以色列與中國保持距離，但對於美國維持對該地區的承諾缺乏明確的認識。
幾十年來，聯合國在聯合國抨擊以色列的言論通常都是口頭上的。但是，總體趨勢具有周期。在1970年代是糟糕的，在1990年代是更好的，然後在2000年代是糟糕的。近年來，似乎以色列的孤立可能會隨著新的和平夥伴而改變。亞洲國家沒有西方的反猶太主義包bag。他們可以對以色列更加開放，總的來說，他們是開放的。
但是，中東國家利用伊斯蘭問題和巴勒斯坦問題來勒索其他國家反對以色列的方式仍然是一個重大挑戰。
這就是阿拉伯國家使用石油武器並試圖使西方在1950年代至1980年代對以色列冷漠的方式。但是，這種情況發生了變化，和平協議也改變了一切。現在，伊朗和土耳其是反以色列的主要聲音。土耳其希望與馬來西亞和巴基斯坦建立泛伊斯蘭聯盟，這兩個國家經常發表反猶太主義評論。
另一方面，以色列與印度，新加坡，韓國，越南和澳大利亞和日本等其他國家有著良好的關係。但是印度傾向於與中國保持緊張關係，使以色列在印度的大規模軍事交易成為與中國潛在的關注焦點。
現在有兩個問題是最近爭議的基礎。首先是事實，來自中國的言論似乎針對美國而不是以色列。中國外交部發言人華春瑩說，美國無視穆斯林的痛苦。與其說是以色列，不如說是中美關係和美國指責中國對待穆斯林的指控。
另一個因素是，以色列總理本傑明·內塔尼亞胡（Benjamin Netanyahu）將權力集中在他的辦公室裡，並摧毀了外交部。這意味著以色列境內發生的許多事情都與內塔尼亞胡有關。以色列在加沙發動空襲之前，甚至還向中國等重要國家做過簡要介紹嗎？以色列甚至試圖確保在聯合國的討論中提及哈馬斯嗎？還是以色列根本不理會任何國家的情況，只等了10天就參加競選活動，進行真正的情況介紹並接待外國外交官。
以色列去年在外交上取得了令人矚目的成就，但今年卻衰敗了。這是因為外交需要大使，對外交官的投資和解釋，而外國則希望得到簡報並了解以色列的戰爭目標。
以色列遭到4000枚火箭彈的火箭彈襲擊，這是前所未有的恐怖襲擊。
像中國這樣的國家並未批評土耳其在伊拉克或敘利亞的空襲。這是因為像土耳其這樣的國家也更擅長推銷罷工的理由。然而，遭受火箭襲擊的以色列卻無法讓許多國家譴責哈馬斯或要求該組織停火。取而代之的是，停火呼籲全都在以色列上。
只有美國，匈牙利和一些州在那裡幫助以色列阻止聯合國和歐盟的聲明。這意味著以色列與中國的問題可能更深，與以色列在與中國討論這些問題方面沒有做足夠的工作有關。
以色列還必須警惕被美國逼入中美競爭中的美國。這不是因為以色列不是美國的盟友，但問題是，如果以色列被認為是這場衝突的工具，而不是像希臘或阿聯酋這樣的西方國家，那麼以色列是否會遭受不成比例的痛苦？實例。
Why has China emerged as leading critic of Israel over Gaza? - analysis
The recent controversy over the Israel-Hamas war in Gaza has led to harsh comments from China, some of them directed at the US, but which appear to be tougher critique of Israel than in the past.
By SETH J. FRANTZMAN
MAY 20, 2021 17:12
China flag
(photo credit: WIKIMEDIA COMMONS/ECOW)
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Israel-China relations have grown ever-closer in recent decades as new innovation hubs were created and both countries were looking forward to celebrating 30 years of diplomatic relations next year. President Reuven Rivlin received the new Chinese Ambassador Cai Run in April.
However, the recent controversy over the Israel-Hamas war in Gaza has elicited harsh comments from China, some directed at the United State, but which appear to be a tougher criticism of Israel than in the past.
For instance, on May 16, China’s Foreign Minister Wang Yi said that the US was obstructing an attempt by the UN Security Council to speak with one voice on Israel’s actions in Gaza.
According to CGTN, Wang Yi said that the escalation conflict between Israel and the Palestinians had caused a large number of casualties. The language of the statement did not mention Hamas rocket fire on Israel.
China said that a ceasefire is the current priority. “China strongly condemns violent acts against civilians, and once again urges both parties to the conflict to immediately stop military and hostile actions, and stop actions that deteriorate the situation, including air strikes, ground offensives, and rocket launches. Israel must exercise restraint in particular,” the CGTN report said.
The statement went beyond simply not mentioning Hamas rocket fire, which has now reached 4,000. It also called on Israel to lift the blockade of Gaza and guarantee the safety and rights of Palestinians in occupied Palestinian territory. It was unclear if this referred also to Gaza.
What is clear is that China sought to be a leading voice on this issue. It called on the US to shoulder its responsibilities, portraying the US as a lone voice defending Israel and not letting the UNSC condemn Israel’s actions. China reiterated its support for a two-state solution.
The statements also noted that China is a supporter of the Palestinian people and that China has offered to have “peacemakers from Palestine and Israel” come to China for dialogue.
In a more controversial move, a CGTN host also was accused of making anti-Jewish comments and they were not the only issue at hand.
The host, Zheng Junfeng, said that “some people believe that US pro-Israeli policy is traceable to the influence of wealthy Jews in the US and the Jewish lobby on US foreign policy makers.” He built on that by noting the US is a rival of China and that Israel is a “beachhead” in the Middle East linked to the US.
Carice Witte, executive director of SIGNAL, the Sino-Israel Global Network and Academic Leadership, noted in a paper on the recent conflict that “in past conflicts involving Israel, China was never so vocal.”
Things are changing globally, however. “China is repositioning itself as the spokesman for the international community as part of the aim to reshape global governance to better suit China’s system and interests.” Comments from China are “fashioned to appeal to the growing radical left within the global audience that is following the current war between Israel and Gaza in part by taking on the traditional US position of statesman.”
This is important because Israel has taken a keen interest in closer Chinese relations over the last decades. In 2012, Israel’s Foreign Ministry noted that “Israel and China are commemorating today 20 years of diplomatic relations. Israel assigns great importance to the promotion of its ties with China, the number two economic power in the world, a member of the UN Security Council and a major player in Asia and in the international arena. Israel greatly admires the economic, scientific and technological development that characterizes the growth of China in the last few decades.”
China had impressive interests in Israel and was interested in listening to Israeli voices. At the same time the US began to push back on the Israel-China relationship, warning about technology transfer or a potential deal in the Port of Haifa and other infrastructure projects that might be deemed strategic. China was thinking about its “Belt and Road” initiative and speaking often about how this might have an Israeli angle.
Things have shifted in the last years. The US became more openly hostile to China and vice-versa. China became more assertive as a naval power and also more involved around the world. China also signed a new 25-year agreement with Iran.
Major changes could occur as the world becomes more multi-polar and China, Russia, Iran and Turkey have converging interests. Iran and Turkey are hostile to Israel.
China is not hostile, but it has many interests and as it takes a more global role there may be debates about how it sees Israel. Comments about Israel being a “beachhead,” or US ally, place it in the opposition camp. What is of interest here is that there are also rising voices in the US, among far-left Democrats, that want to cut off military sales and aid to Israel and see Israel as an enemy state.
This puts Israel in an awkward position as it would like to play a key role with rising Asian economies. The US wants Israel to be distant from China but there is a lack of clarity about the US maintaining its commitments to the region.
The comments at the UN by various countries for decades bashing Israel are usually about lip service. However, the overall trend has its cycles. It was bad in the 1970s, better in the 1990s, and then bad in the 2000s, and in recent years it appeared Israel’s isolation might be changing with new peace partners. Asian countries don’t have the antisemitic baggage of the West. They can be more open to Israel and generally, they are.
However, the way in which Middle East states leverage Islamic issues and the Palestinian issue to blackmail other countries to be against Israel is still a major challenge.
This was how the Arab states used the oil weapon and sought to get the West to be cold to Israel between the 1950s and 1980s. However, that changed and peace deals have changed things too. Now, Iran and Turkey are the leading anti-Israel voices. Turkey wants a pan-Islamic alliance with Malaysia and Pakistan, two countries that often make antisemitic comments.
On the other side, Israel has good relations with India, Singapore, South Korea, Vietnam and other countries, such as Australia and Japan. But India tends to have tense relations with China, putting Israel’s mega-military deals in India into a potential spotlight with China.
There are two issues that now underpin the recent controversy. First is the fact that comments from China have appeared to target the US more than Israel. Chinese Foreign Ministry spokesperson Hua Chunying said the US was ignoring the suffering of Muslims. This was more about China-US relations and US accusations against China’s treatment of Muslims, than about Israel.
Another factor is that Israel’s Prime Minister, Benjamin Netanyahu, has concentrated power in his office and gutted the Foreign Ministry. This means that much of what goes on in Israel is related personally to Netanyahu. Did Israel even brief important states like China before launching airstrikes in Gaza? Did Israel even try to make sure the discussions at the UN would mention Hamas? Or did Israel simply not bother to brief any states, waiting some 10 days into the campaign to have real briefings and host foreign diplomats.
While Israel made impressive achievements last year diplomatically, it has foundered this year. This is because diplomacy requires ambassadors and investment in diplomats and explanation, and foreign countries want to be briefed and learn about Israel’s war aims.
Israel was under rocket fire from 4,000 rockets, an unprecedented terrorist onslaught.
Countries like China have not criticized Turkey for its airstrikes in Iraq or Syria. That is because countries like Turkey also are better at selling their reasoning for the strikes. Yet Israel, which has sustained the rocket attacks, was not able to get many countries to condemn Hamas or demand the organization ceases fire. Instead, the ceasefire calls were all on Israel.
Only the US, Hungary and a few states have been there to help Israel stall statements at the UN and the EU. This means that Israel’s issues with China may be deeper and relate to Israel not doing enough work discussing these issues with China.
Israel must also be wary of being pushed US too far by the US into the China-US rivalry. That is not because Israel is not a US ally, but questions remain over whether Israel will suffer disproportionately if it is perceived as a tool in this conflict, rather than just another country that is close to the West, like Greece or the UAE, for instance.
敘利亞總統大選開始，阿薩德有望贏得第四任
政府說，大選顯示儘管經歷了十年的戰爭，敘利亞仍在正常運轉，但反對派和西方國家將其視為僅僅是阿薩德掌權的橡皮圖章。
由路透社
2021年5月26日10:42
2021年5月26日，敘利亞總統巴沙爾·阿薩德（Bashar Assad）和他的妻子阿斯瑪（Asma）在敘利亞總統大選期間，在敘利亞杜馬的一個投票站投票。
（照片來源：FIRAS MAKDESI / REUTERS）
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投票站於週三在敘利亞舉行的總統選舉中開幕，總統選舉將使巴沙爾·阿薩德（Bashar Assad）進入第四任期。
政府說，大選顯示儘管經歷了十年的戰爭，敘利亞仍在正常運轉，但反對派和西方國家將其視為僅僅是阿薩德掌權的橡皮圖章。阿薩德正在與兩名默默無聞的候選人競爭。
在大馬士革大學的藝術學院，數百名學生排隊投票，外面停著幾輛公共汽車。
“我們是當選總統巴沙爾·阿薩德（Bashar Assad）的。沒有他，敘利亞就不會是敘利亞。”護生阿瑪（Amal）說。
其他學生在投票站開幕前高呼：“用我們的血液和靈魂，我們為巴沙爾犧牲了生命。”
官員私下里說，當局在過去幾天在全國范圍內組織了大型集會，以確保在選舉日有大量的參加者。
他們補充說，該國強大的安全機構為阿薩德的阿拉維派少數民族統治奠定了基礎，並指示高級官員進行投票。
拉塔基亞（Latakia）的政府僱員賈法爾（Jafaar）說：“有人告訴我們，我們必須參加投票表決或負有不投票的責任。”
阿薩德（Assad）於2000年在其父親哈菲茲（Hafez）逝世時上台執政，父親哈菲茲（Hafez）在此之前統治了30年。
阿薩德的統治定義為長達十年的戰爭，這場戰爭是在2011年針對他的獨裁統治的和平抗議活動爆發後爆發的。衝突已殺死數十萬人，並驅逐了約1100萬人口，約佔該國人口的一半。
在南部城市德拉（Deraa）的部分地區，首次反阿薩德抗議其專制統治的現場，當地人士呼籲進行大罷工，以抗議選舉。
敘利亞南部幾個城鎮的塗鴉塗鴉，指的是阿薩德的父親，他說：“所有人都拒絕哈菲茲之子的統治。”
選舉中的其他兩名候選人是前內閣副部長阿卜杜拉·薩盧姆·阿卜杜拉（Abdallah Saloum Abdallah）和經正式批准的小型反對黨負責人Mahmoud Ahmed Marei。
法國，德國，意大利，英國和美國的外交部長在周二的聲明中批評領導人巴沙爾·阿薩德（Bashar Assad）表示，選舉將是不自由或不公平的。
Syrian presidential elections begin, Assad expected to win fourth term
The government says the election shows Syria is functioning normally despite a decade-old war, but the opposition and Western nations view it as merely rubber-stamping Assad's grip on power.
By REUTERS
MAY 26, 2021 10:42
Syria's President Bashar Assad and his wife Asma cast their votes during the country's presidential elections at a polling station in Douma, Syria, May 26, 2021.
(photo credit: FIRAS MAKDESI/REUTERS)
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Polling stations opened on Wednesday across Syria in a presidential election that is set to usher Bashar Assad into a fourth term in office.
The government says the election shows Syria is functioning normally despite a decade-old war, but the opposition and Western nations view it as merely rubber-stamping Assad's grip on power. Assad is running against two obscure candidates.
In Damascus University's Faculty of Arts hundreds of students lined up to vote, with several buses parked outside.
"We came to elect president Bashar Assad…without him Syria would not be Syria," Amal, a nursing student, said.
"With our blood and soul we sacrifice our lives for you Bashar," other students chanted ahead of the opening of the polling stations.
Authorities have in the last few days organized large rallies across the country in an effort to ensure a big turnout on election day, officials privately said.
The country's powerful security apparatus that underpins Assad's Alawite minority-dominated rule has also instructed senior officials to vote, they added.
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"We have been told we have to go to the polls or bear responsibility for not voting," said Jafaar, a government employee in Latakia who gave his first name only for fear of reprisals.
Assad first took power in 2000 on the death of his father Hafez, who had ruled for 30 years before that.
Assad's rule has been defined by a decade-long war that erupted after peaceful protests against his authoritarian rule in 2011. The conflict has killed hundreds of thousands of people and driven 11 million from their homes, about half the country's population.
In parts of the southern city of Deraa, the scene of the first anti-Assad protests against his authoritarian rule, local figures called for a general strike to protest the election.
"All people reject the rule of the son of Hafez," read graffiti scribbled across several towns in southern Syria, referring to Assad's father.
The other two candidates in the election are former deputy cabinet minister Abdallah Saloum Abdallah, and Mahmoud Ahmed Marei, head of a small, officially sanctioned opposition party.
The foreign ministers of France, Germany, Italy, Britain and the United States said in a statement on Tuesday, criticizing leader Bashar Assad, that the elections would not be free or fair.
內塔尼亞胡飛往布林肯：我們反對在耶路撒冷為巴勒斯坦人領事館
本傑明·內塔尼亞胡（Benjamin Netanyahu）說，以色列寧願讓另一個實體巴勒斯坦權力機構的領事館不在以色列主權領土上。
通過拉哈夫·哈科夫
2021年5月26日21:57
美國國務卿安東尼·布林肯於2021年5月25日會見總理本傑明·內塔尼亞胡
（照片來源：HAIM ZACH / GPO）
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總理內塔尼亞胡（Benjamin Netanyahu）告訴美國國務卿安東尼·布林肯（Antony Blinken） ，以色列反對在美國宣布其在耶路撒冷公開計劃的幾個小時之前，重新開放美國駐巴勒斯坦主權領事館。
內塔尼亞胡說，以色列寧願讓另一個實體巴勒斯坦權力機構的領事館不在以色列主權領土上。
布林肯沒有具體說明新領事館在耶路撒冷的哪個地方。許多其他國家在東耶路撒冷的巴勒斯坦人設有領事館或使館，根據以色列法律，該國是以色列的一部分，但大多數國家或拉馬拉並未得到以色列的承認。
特朗普政府隨後於2019年3月將位於耶路撒冷阿格隆街上的美國駐巴勒斯坦領事館合併為美國駐西耶路撒冷的以色列大使館; 此舉主要是像徵性的，因為大多數領事館工作人員繼續從事以前的工作，但其頭銜為“巴勒斯坦事務處”。
布林肯在星期二晚上的新聞發布會上說，他不確定重新開放領事館的時間表。
“我可以告訴你，我認為，重要的是擁有一個平台，不僅能夠使巴勒斯坦權力機構，而且各行各業的巴勒斯坦人，非政府組織，工商界以及其他方面更有效地參與進來。因此，我們期待著這樣做。”他說。
白宮新聞秘書詹·普薩基（Jen Psaki）不久後表示，重新開放領事館“是我們認為重要的一步，因為繼續重建與由於領事館關閉而中斷了數年之久的巴勒斯坦領導人的關係，因為近東救濟工程處的資金在2018年被切斷，實際上還沒有一種與巴勒斯坦領導人和其他人接觸的方法。”
以色列駐美國大使和聯合國秘書長吉拉德·埃爾丹（Gilad Erdan）表示，重新開放領事館是美國的特權，但以色列“確實表示明確反對在耶路撒冷市轄區重建領事館。”
“可能在阿布迪斯[或]拉馬拉，”埃爾丹告訴坎恩。“美國人可能會擔心在這些地方為他們的工人開設領事館而引起安全隱患，這僅表明了我們在談論什麼。”
埃爾丹還指出，在耶路撒冷開設巴勒斯坦權力機構大使館與美國承認該城市為以色列首都的政策相抵觸，正如美國前總統唐納德·特朗普（Donald Trump）在2018年所做的那樣，拜登表示他不會撤退。
不過，埃爾丹說：“我們可以不同意現任政府，並非每一個分歧都必須成為危機。這
事實是，與此同時，我們正在密切合作，[Blinken]宣布了他對以色列安全和補充鐵穹電池的堅定承諾。”
埃爾丹說，內塔尼亞胡明確支持美國和其他國際對加沙的人道主義援助，但他的支持是細微的：“我們能夠而且必須制止人道主義危機，因此必不可少的諸如水，電，藥品或類似的東西必須被允許，但我們必須100％確認哈馬斯無法將其用於重建恐怖主義基礎設施。”
內塔尼亞胡還支持西岸巴勒斯坦人的經濟項目，但前提是巴勒斯坦人必須退出國際組織對以色列的單方面行動。
“當巴勒斯坦權力機構在海牙的[國際刑事]法院或在日內瓦的聯合國人權理事會[星期四]提倡針對我們的行動時，巴勒斯坦主動提出對以色列進行調查，因此我們澄清說，美國人：這兩件事並沒有在一起。只要阿巴斯和巴勒斯坦權力機構繼續努力傷害以色列國，其士兵和平民，就不會進行高級對話。”
因此，埃爾丹解釋說：“我們可以嘗試促進經濟項目，但除此之外，沒有其他辦法可以通過這種方式推進外交對話。”
布林肯否認與伊朗重新達成2015年核協議的間接談判已接近完成，因為 參與會談的伊朗和俄羅斯官員表示。
“伊朗是否真的準備採取必要行動以實現遵約，仍然是一個懸而未決的問題。陪審團仍在審理中。“美國和以色列絕對團結一致，認為伊朗永遠不會獲得核武器。”
布林肯週二表示，由於美國於2018年退出該協議，伊朗增加了對《聯合全面行動計劃》（《伊朗核協議》）的違反，而且伊斯蘭共和國得以充實和擴大“時限”。儲存足夠的鈾以用於炸彈。
然而，埃爾丹（Erdan）幾小時前表示，以色列將伊朗最近的違反行為視為對去年拜登（Biden）競選重返JCPOA的回應。
伊朗大使說，伊朗“試圖通過我們所謂的“核勒索”施加壓力，以加重其侵權行為，因為它沒有看到國際軍事威脅。” “如果伊朗非常希望美國重返該協議，那麼你必須問，他們為什麼要這樣做？我將回答原因：因為在幾年內，該協議結束時，伊朗將不再必須違反該協議，因為它將擁有擁有數千台先進離心機的合法性，使其能夠在爆炸中爆炸成一枚炸彈。時間很短。
他補充說：“以色列不能接受這種情況。”
布林肯說，他計劃就“更長遠和更大的版本”的JCPOA進行談判，以使JCPOA的核限制“直到2030年才到期。如果伊朗恢復到遵守狀態，我們將有一些時間延長這些最後期限，而其他。”
埃爾丹 指出 ，布林肯“沒有說如果伊朗人拒絕與他們談論他們想要達成的協議，那將會發生什麼。”
“我們完全相信美國政府不希望伊朗擁有炸彈，這將是非常糟糕的，但是對以色列來說，這不僅非常糟糕，而且是存在的利益，因為我們是受到伊朗直接威脅的國家，他們是在我們周圍建立恐怖組織網絡的人。”埃爾丹說。
因此，大使補充說：“以色列將繼續採取行動的自由，採取任何步驟防止伊朗獲得核武器，並且沒有任何協議將約束以色列的行事方式以束縛其雙手。”
布林肯還談到了美國不斷上升的反猶太主義，他稱這是“嚴重的令人不安的”。
“這是煤礦中的金絲雀，當你看到反猶太主義出現時，這幾乎是不可避免的，幾乎其他群體的仇恨肯定會隨之而來。我們現在在美國看到針對亞裔美國人的仇恨，”他補充說。
猶太人，繼父是大屠殺倖存者的布林肯說：“我在個人層面上感覺到這一點，而且我還看到一個警告信號，表明事情正在發生，我們必須解決，因為如果允許它們潰爛和成長， ，即使不受懲罰地走得更遠，您的大火最終也會影響到很多人。”
Netanyahu to Blinken: We oppose consulate for Palestinians in Jerusalem
Benjamin Netanyahu said Israel would prefer that a consulate to another entity – the Palestinian Authority – not be on Israeli sovereign territory.
By LAHAV HARKOV
MAY 26, 2021 21:57
US Secretary of State Antony Blinken meets with Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu, May 25, 2021
(photo credit: HAIM ZACH/GPO)
Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu informed US Secretary of State Antony Blinken that Israel opposes the reopening of a US consulate for Palestinians in sovereign Israel, hours before the US went public with its plan to do so in Jerusalem.
Netanyahu said Israel would prefer that a consulate to another entity – the Palestinian Authority – not be on Israeli sovereign territory.
Blinken did not specify where in Jerusalem the new consulate would be. Many other countries have consulates or embassies to the Palestinians in east Jerusalem, which is part of Israel under Israeli law but not recognized by most countries, or in Ramallah.
The Trump administration then merged the US consulate for Palestinians, on Jerusalem’s Agron Street, into the US Embassy to Israel in West Jerusalem in March 2019; the move was mostly symbolic as most consulate workers continued doing the work they did before, but under the title of “Palestinian Affairs Unit.”
Blinken said in a press conference on Tuesday night that he is not sure what the time frame will be on reopening the consulate.
“I can tell you that it’s, I think, important to have that platform to be able to more effectively engage not just the Palestinian Authority, but Palestinians from different walks of life, the NGO community, the business community, and others. And so we look forward to doing that,” he stated.
White House Press Secretary Jen Psaki said soon after that reopening the consulate “is an important step in our view, in terms of continuing to rebuild the relationship with the Palestinian leaders that was cut off for several years because of the closure of the consulate, because UNRWA funding was cut off in 2018, and there really wasn’t a method for engaging with Palestinian leaders and others.”
Israeli Ambassador to the US and UN Gilad Erdan said that it is the US’s prerogative to reopen the consulate, but that Israel “indeed expressed clear opposition to reestablishing the consulate on Jerusalem’s municipal territory.”
“It can be in Abu Dis [or] Ramallah,” Erdan told KAN. “The fact that the Americans may have a security concern from opening a consulate for their workers in these places only shows what we’re talking about.”
Erdan also pointed out that opening the PA embassy in Jerusalem contradicts American policy recognizing the city as Israel’s capital, as former US president Donald Trump did in 2018 and Biden said he would not reverse.
Still, Erdan said, “we can disagree with the current government and not every disagreement has to become a crisis. The
fact is that, in the same breath, we are cooperating closely and [Blinken] announced his strong commitment to Israel’s security and replenishing the Iron Dome batteries.”
Erdan said that Netanyahu unequivocally supports US and other international humanitarian aid for Gaza but that his support is nuanced: “We can and must stop a humanitarian crisis, so things that are necessary like water, electricity, medicines or things like that certainly must be allowed, but we must check 100% that it is not reaching Hamas’s hands to be used to rebuild terrorist infrastructure.”
Netanyahu also supports economic projects for Palestinians in the West Bank, Erdan said, but only on the condition that the Palestinians back down from unilateral action against Israel in international organizations.
“When the PA promotes actions against us in the [International Criminal] Court in the Hague or [on Thursday] in the UN Human Rights Council in Geneva, where there is a Palestinian initiative to form a commission of inquiry against Israel, we clarified to the Americans: the two things don’t go together. There won’t be an advanced dialogue with Abbas and the PA as long as they continue to try to harm the State of Israel, its soldiers and its civilians,” he said.
As such, Erdan explained, “we can try to promote economic projects but nothing beyond that, a diplomatic dialogue cannot be advanced in this way.”
Blinken denied that indirect negotiations with Iran to return to the 2015 nuclear deal were close to completion, as
Iranian and Russian officials involved in the talks have said.
“It remains an unanswered question whether Iran is actually prepared to do what it needs to do to come into compliance. The jury is still out,” Blinken told Channel 12 News. “The US and Israel are absolutely united in the proposition that Iran can never acquire a nuclear weapon.”
Blinken said on Tuesday that Iran increased its violations of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (Iran nuclear agreement) as a result of the US leaving the deal in 2018, and that the “time lines have gotten shorter” for the Islamic Republic to enrich and stockpile enough uranium for a bomb.
Erdan, however, said hours earlier that Israel views Iran’s recent violations as a response to Biden campaigning last year on a return to the JCPOA.
Iran is “trying to put pressure, through what we call ‘nuclear extortion,’ to worsen its violations, because it doesn’t see an international military threat,” the ambassador said. “If Iran wants the US to return to the deal so badly, you have to ask, why do they want it? And I’ll answer why: Because in a few years, when the agreement ends, Iran will no longer have to violate it because it will have the legitimacy to have thousands of advanced centrifuges that will allow it to break out to a bomb in a very short time.
“Israel cannot accept this situation,” he added.
Blinken said of his plan to negotiate a “longer and stronger version” of the JCPOA so that the JCPOA’s nuclear restrictions “don’t expire until 2030. If Iran would come back to compliance, we would have some time to extend those deadlines and others.”
Erdan pointed out that Blinken “didn’t say what would happen if the Iranians refuse to talk to them about the deal they want to aim for.”
“We totally believe the US government that it does not want Iran to have the bomb and that would be very bad, but for Israel it’s not just very bad, it’s an existential interest, because we are the ones directly threatened by Iran, and they are the ones building a network of terror organizations around us,” Erdan said.
As such, the ambassador added, “Israel will maintain its freedom to act, to take any step to prevent Iran from acquiring nuclear weapons and no agreement will bind Israel to behave in a way that will tie its hands.”
Blinken also addressed the rising antisemitism in the US, which he called “profoundly disturbing.”
“It’s the canary in the coal mine, it’s almost inevitable when you see antisemitism emerge, hatred of almost other groups is sure to follow. We see that in the US now with hatred directed at Asian-Americans,” he added.
Blinken, who is Jewish and whose stepfather was a Holocaust survivor said: “I feel this at a very personal level, and I also see a warning sign that things are happening that we have to address, because if they are allowed to fester and grow, allowed to go even further with impunity, you wind up having a conflagration that effects a lot of people.”
埃及邀請以色列和哈馬斯在開羅進行直接對話，以色列接受
埃及邀請以色列和加沙地帶到開羅，討論俘虜的返回和加沙地帶的重建。
由路透社，耶路撒冷郵政工作人員
2021年5月26日20:25
阿卜杜勒·法塔赫·阿爾西西
（照片來源：VASILY FEDOSENKO /路透社）
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埃及總統阿卜杜勒·法塔赫·西西周三對美國國務卿安東尼·布林肯表示，以色列和巴勒斯坦之間的最新事態發展重申，在華盛頓的參與下，雙方必須進行直接對話。
據《簡訊》報導，埃及邀請以色列和加沙到開羅討論俘虜的返回和加沙地帶的重建。
以色列陸軍電台加拉茲在應邀中發推文說：“預計以色列代表團將在下周初抵達埃及。”
它補充說：“目標是達成關於停火和幫助加沙地帶的可能性的諒解。”
布林肯星期三在開羅訪問了幾個小時，這是中東旨在加強停火的遊覽的一部分，該停火結束了以色列和巴勒斯坦激進組織多年來的最嚴重戰鬥。
然後，他在中東之行的最後一站繼續訪問了約旦。
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埃及總統在聲明中說，華盛頓和開羅同意加強在鞏固停火和啟動加沙地帶重建進程方面的協調。
Egypt invites Israel and Hamas for direct talks in Cairo, Israel accepts
Egypt invited Israel and Gaza to Cairo to discuss the return of captives and the rebuilding of the Gaza Strip.
By REUTERS,
JERUSALEM POST STAFF
MAY 26, 2021 20:25
ABDEL FATTAH AL-SISI
(photo credit: VASILY FEDOSENKO / REUTERS)
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Egypt's President Abdel Fattah al-Sisi told US Secretary of State Antony Blinken on Wednesday that the latest developments between Israelis and Palestinians reaffirmed the need for direct talks between the two sides with Washington's involvement.
Egypt invited Israel and Gaza to Cairo to discuss the return of captives and the rebuilding of the Gaza Strip, Kan News reported.
"Israel's delegation is expected to arrive in Egypt in the beginning of next week," Galatz, Israel's army radio tweeted in response to the invitation.
"The goal- to come to an understanding regarding the ceasefire and possibilities for helping the [Gaza] Strip," it added.
Blinken visited Cairo for several hours on Wednesday as part of a Middle East tour aimed at shoring up a ceasefire that ended the worst fighting in years between Israel and Palestinian militants.
He then went on to visit Jordan in the last leg of his Middle East tour.
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Washington and Cairo agreed to strengthen their coordination in consolidating the ceasefire and launching the reconstruction process in the Gaza Strip, the Egyptian presidency said in its statement.
以色列可以在世界水危機中發揮“重大作用”
聯合國已將缺水和可持續水管理的需求確定為當今世界面臨的最大挑戰之一。
通過JODIE COHEN
2021年5月26日12:48
KINNERET，以色列唯一的天然飲用水水源
（照片來源：OLIVIER FITOUSSI / FLASH90）
看來我們目前正在處理一場又一場的危機。在此背景下，仍然存在著尚未解決的氣候危機的持久威脅。
在上個月美國總統喬·拜登（Joe Biden）舉行的全球氣候峰會上，40位世界領導人聚在一起討論拯救地球的方法，總理本傑明·內塔尼亞胡（Benjamin Netanyahu）代表以色列參加了會議。
在討論以色列在可再生能源（尤其是太陽能）方面取得的進展時，他還談到了以色列如何也在水資源方面產生“巨大變化”，反映了這些問題的相互聯繫。聯合國已將水資源的缺乏和可持續水管理的需求確定為17個可持續發展目標之一，這是當今世界面臨的最大挑戰。
到底是什麼問題？
“沒有地球，就沒有雨。沒有雨，地球就無法忍受，沒有人類，就不會存在”（創世記，拉巴13：3）
那就是水的重要性。
似乎難以置信，但到2021年，仍有約22億人無法獲得安全管理的飲用水。據聯合國稱，缺水可能在2030年使7億人流離失所。
在以色列，我們將必須尋找方法來為水資源有限和降雨不規律的日益增長的人口種植糧食。以色列國的面積只有22,072公里，其中98％是土地。剩下的2％由兩塊水域組成-加利利海和死海。只有加利利海（Kinneret）可作為天然飲用水源。以色列的水非常珍貴，電視新聞在每日夏季天氣預報的同時還報導了Kinneret的水位。
那麼，以色列這個以沙漠為主要資源的國家又如何在1980年代和90年代遭受多年干旱，不僅為以色列，而且為其他國家提供清潔水的解決方案做出了怎樣的貢獻？
化危機為機遇
我們已經成功地將缺乏水資源的詛咒變成了福氣，將危機變成了機遇。我們已經成為水循環利用的世界領先者，這意味著我們現在甚至將水出口到其他國家。
正如內塔尼亞胡所說：“我們通過滴灌，水培農業和人工智能的先驅發展，向世界展示瞭如何在農業中更有效地利用水。以色列在淨水和循環再利用以及海水淡化方面處於世界領先地位。”
實際上，現在以色列大約93％的廢水得到了淨化。以色列在廢水循環利用方面處於世界領先地位，將環境問題轉化為資源。大約86％的被回收再用於農業目的。這些是非常大的數字。相比之下，美國的水循環利用率不到10％，美國環境保護署已在此問題上尋求與以色列的密切合作。
新鮮，乾淨的飲用水–來自海洋，空氣和地面
在2005年至2015年之間，以色列通過建造符合衛生部飲用水法規最高標準的海水淡化廠來改變了整個供水系統。因此，現在可以從海上獲取淡水，並且以色列等其他國家正在使用以色列的海水淡化技術來達到這一目的。
Watergen獲得專利的大氣飲用水（AWG）技術可從空氣中產生高質量的飲用水。AWG裝置利用空氣中的濕氣為世界各地的人們帶來負擔得起的，清潔的和新鮮的飲用水。沃特根（Watergen）向加沙等面臨水危機的地方和災區捐贈了無數的太陽能製水機。例如，當加利福尼亞州面臨有史以來最具破壞性的野火時，沃特根實際上是從稀薄的空氣中抽出水來幫助撲滅大火。
以色列還通過Innovation：Africa將清潔的水帶到了最偏遠的非洲村莊。通過安裝太陽能電池板，可以通過電動泵從地下深處取水。這可以為每天騰出時間的女性騰出更多時間，因為她們不再需要走幾英里就能為家人取水。
與他人分享我們的創新和專業知識
農業是以色列的主要用水戶，因此以色列發明了滴灌技術。耐特菲姆（Netafim）是該領域公認的領導者，在每個大洲都有50年的工作經驗。每年，該組織在40多個國家/地區運行350多個項目，覆蓋300,000公里。滴灌灌溉。
耐特菲姆公司首席執行官加布里埃爾·米奧當尼克（Gabriel Miodownik）表示：“農業消耗了全球70％的淡水，而農民正面臨乾旱以及氣候變化對降雨模式的影響，節水農業現在已成為全球優先考慮的問題。” “與其他灌溉方式相比，精確灌溉使農民能夠通過將水效率提高50％，擴大產量並利用再生水和鹽水來最大程度地利用他們所能利用的水。”
以色列還與許多國家和國際機構合作，分享最佳實踐，研究和創新，以實現更好的水管理。
印度就是一個很好的例子。自1993年以來，印度農民就一直使用以色列的滴灌技術與以色列合作。在印度－以色列農業項目的支持下，以色列向大約30個卓越中心的印度農民提供水管理實踐方面的專業知識，技術知識和培訓。內塔尼亞胡總理和莫迪總理於2018年簽署了水戰略合作夥伴關係，目前印度有30多個以色列水項目。2020年8月，儘管發生了全球大流行病，以色列還是簽署了進一步的水合作協議，與印度北方邦合作，實施以色列的水管理模式。
水是我們與阿聯酋和巴林新合作的組成部分，我們將水出口到約旦等地。展望未來，以色列無疑將考慮水如何在幫助加強阿以和平方面發揮更大的作用。
Israel can make 'big difference' in the world's water crisis
The UN has identified the lack of water availability and the need for sustainable water management as one of the biggest challenges facing the world today.
By JODIE COHEN
MAY 26, 2021 12:48
THE KINNERET, Israel’s sole natural drinking water source
(photo credit: OLIVIER FITOUSSI/FLASH90)
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It seems we’re dealing with one crisis after another at the moment. And there, in the background, is still the lingering threat of the climate crisis that remains unresolved.
At US President Joe Biden’s Global Climate Summit last month, in which 40 world leaders came together to discuss ways to save the planet, Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu participated on behalf of Israel.
As well as discussing Israel’s advances in renewable – particularly solar – energy, he also talked about how Israel is making “a big difference” in water too, reflecting the interconnectedness of these issues. The UN has identified the lack of water availability and the need for sustainable water management as one of the 17 Sustainable Development Goals – the biggest challenges facing the world today.
What exactly is the problem?
“Without earth, there is no rain; without rain, the earth cannot endure, and without either, humanity cannot exist” (Genesis, Rabbah 13:3)
That’s how important water is.
It seems hard to believe, but in 2021, roughly 2.2 billion people still lack access to safely managed drinking water. According to the UN, water scarcity could displace 700 million people as soon as 2030.
In Israel, we will have to find ways to grow food for an increasing population with limited water resou